Destructive potential of planetary meteotsunami waves beyond the Hunga
volcano eruption (Tonga)
Abstract
Worldwide tsunamis generated by atmospheric waves – or planetary
meteotsunami waves – are extremely rare events occurring during
supervolcano explosions or asteroid impacts. Recently, such waves have
been globally recorded after the Hunga volcano eruption (Tonga) but did
not pose any serious danger to the coastal communities. However, this
study highlights that the mostly ignored destructive potential of
planetary meteotsunami waves can be compared to the well-studied tsunami
hazards. Through simple numerical experiments we indeed prove that
meteotsunami surges above 1.00 m can be generated along more than 7 %
of the world coastlines by atmospheric waves either more intense or
slower than during the Hunga event. Consequently, the global
meteotsunami hazards should now be properly assessed to prepare for the
next big volcanic eruption or asteroid impact.