Palaeoclimate variability must be constrained to predict the nature and impacts of future climate change in the Eastern Mediterranean. Here, we present a high-resolution multiproxy dataset from Kocain Cave, the first of its kind from SW Turkey. Regional fluctuations in effective-moisture are recorded by variations in magnesium, strontium, phosphorous and carbon isotopes, with oxygen isotopes reacting to changes in precipitation amount and temperature. Important are: a double-peak of arid conditions at 1150 and 800 BCE, a wet period 330-460 CE followed by a rapid shift to dry conditions 460-830 CE, and a distinct dry/wet Medieval Climate Anomaly/Little Ice Age pattern. There are large discrepancies between Turkish records and the Kocain record, which shares more similarities with other Eastern Mediterranean coastal records. Heterogeneity of regional climate and palaeoclimate proxy records are emphasised.