Coupling the water and carbon cycles using transpiration and primary
production data for improved global land-surface modelling
Abstract
Improving the accuracy of coupling of water and carbon cycles in land
surface models has been emphasised in recent studies as a major priority
for research. Reliable quantification of carbon and water balances is
required in order to effectively estimate gross primary production (GPP)
and evapotranspiration (ET) across space and time. The P model (for
‘production’) is grounded in plant functional ecology and links the
carbon and water cy- cles via a theory of stomatal optimization and
photosynthetic acclimation. It has the mathematical form of a LUE model
while being traceable to first principles, including the standard model
of photosynthesis, for the prediction of GPP. The model has only three
free parameters, of which two are estimated from independent
observations on leaf stable carbon isotopes and leaf-level electron
transport capacity. The model requires only elevation, CO2
concentration, solar radiation, vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and
temperature as input. We will present a demonstration application of the
P model using a novel approach that extends the algo- rithm to create a
prototype of a universal transpiration (T) product using Sentinel 3
data. Both GPP and T outputs will be evaluated against FLUXNET
observations. Stomatal conductance will be calculated based on the
model’s predictions of GPP and the ratio of internal to external CO2
partial pressure, allowing transpiration to be calculated from VPD. The
P model has many advantages, including its strong theoretical and
empirical basis, extremely parameter-sparse nature, and the fact that it
does not require the prior specification of plant functional types or
land cover types. The research presented here will extend its
application from primary production monitoring to include carbon-water
cycle coupling and water resources assessment.