Oceanic and Atmospheric Correlations to Cetacean Mass Stranding Events
in Cape Cod Massachusetts, USA
Abstract
Groups of pelagic dolphins and whales (order cetacea) regularly strand
on beaches throughout the world and are referred to as mass stranding
events (MSEs). MSEs have been observed for centuries, however the
underlying causes remain unclear. We investigated possible connections
between MSEs in Cape Cod Massachusetts, USA, and regional wind and ocean
currents. The seasonal MSE distribution is strongly correlated to both
wind and ocean current strengths, and correlation is maximized when MSEs
are compared to environmental data one month in the past. Furthermore, a
superposed epoch analysis (a Chree analysis) indicates significant
shifts in ocean current strength for months surrounding MSEs. These
results may indicate that atmospheric and oceanic effects are possible
underlying factors influencing MSEs. These factors could generate
environments conducive for prey assemblages that attract cetaceans, or
perhaps by driving seasonal production of prey species.