Dense seismic array monitoring on glaciers combined with advanced array processing may help retrieve and locate a variety of seismic sources with unprecedented resolution and spatial coverage. Here we present an array methodology that goes beyond classical localization algorithms through gathering various types of sources (impulsive or continuous) into a single scheme and sort those by their associated array phase coherence. We demonstrate that we can retrieve the spatial and temporal dynamics of active crevasses with a metric resolution using sources with high phase coherence; the presence of diffracting materials trapped in transverse crevasses using sources with moderate phase coherence; and the time evolution of two-dimensional maps of the subglacial water flow drainage system using sources with low phase coherence. With the ongoing increased use of dense seismic arrays, our study highlights the strength of using an appropriate seismological and statistical approach to image a wide range of subsurface structures.