Cloud Impacts on Photochemistry: Statistical Analysis of Global
Chemistry Models and Measurements from the Atmospheric Tomography
Mission
Abstract
The influence of clouds on photochemistry remains a significant
uncertainty in global chemistry models. Variability in cloud fraction,
morphology, phase and optical properties provides significant challenges
to models with horizontal resolutions that far exceed the scale of most
clouds. Measured photolysis frequencies derived from the Charged-coupled
device Actinic Flux Spectroradiometers (CAFS) on board the NASA DC-8
during the Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) mission in 2016 provide an
extensive set of statistics on how clouds alter the photolytic rates
throughout remote ocean basins. Here we focus on north and tropical
pacific transects during the first deployment (ATom-1) in August 2016
including regular profiles through cloudy, partly cloudy and clear
conditions. Nine global chemistry–climate or –transport models provide
similar statistics on J-values for regional domains encompassing the
measured flight path. The statistical picture of the impact of clouds on
J-values emerges through the distribution of the ratio of the cloud
influenced models and measurement to corresponding cloud free model runs
(J-cloudy/J-clear). The models all reproduce general patterns of
enhancement above and shading below cloud, but diverge in distribution
patterns and clear sky prevalence.