GOLD Observations of Thermospheric Neutral Temperature Variability
during the October 14, 2023 Annular Solar Eclipse.
Abstract
The October 14, 2023 annular solar eclipse was visible from the US
Pacific coast to Brazil’s east coast. NASA’s Global-scale Observations
of Limb and Disk (GOLD) mission observed the first synoptic
thermospheric temperature changes from a geo-stationary orbit above
47.5°W longitude between 17-20 UT during the eclipse. These daytime
thermospheric changes were derived using GOLD’s disk FUV measurements. A
significant decrease in the daytime disk temperatures (~
100 K) was seen near the peak annularity compared to the day before
(baseline). The temperature reduction’s spatial morphology is also like
that of the eclipse shadow. Modelling simulations underestimate the
eclipse-induced temperature decrease (expected ~ 30-40
K) by a factor of 2-3 compared to GOLD observations. These first of kind
results provide new insight into the dynamic response of the coupled
thermosphere and ionosphere system to transient solar events, including
eclipses.