Identification of continental mantle earthquakes using regional waves
propagating into a thinned continental crust
Abstract
We evaluate three identifiers of continental mantle earthquakes
motivated by surface-wave normal-mode theory, the amplitude ratio of Sn
to Lg, and the frequency content of Sn and of Lg, after wave propagation
through continental crustal thinning. These methods are flexible and
easy to apply, allowing for potential new discoveries of unusual
continental mantle earthquakes, but they rely on guided waves whose
propagation is dependent on the uniformity of their waveguides. For a
range of Moho models, we perform 2.5D axisymmetric simulations that
reach the conventional distance and frequency ranges of observational
studies, and we compare results from four different source depths
straddling the Moho. Using our synthetics and also six south-Tibet
earthquakes recorded by an array in Bangladesh, we show that our Sn/Lg
identifier is robust in the presence of crustal thinning on the
continents, but the identifying frequency contents of Sn and Lg are
easily obscured.