Abstract
Seismic-frequency torsional forced-oscillation measurements of shear
modulus dispersion and associated strain-energy dissipation under
conditions of simultaneously high temperature and pressure in our
laboratory require the specimen to be enclosed within a thin-walled
metal sleeve – typically of mild steel. However, the well-known
transition between the austenite and ferrite phases on cooling across
the interval 900-700ºC complicates its mechanical behaviour. The
resulting uncertainty tends to mask the seismologically important onset,
within this temperature range, of appreciably anelastic behaviour of
polycrystalline olivine. In order to more closely document this
important transition in mechanical behaviour, we have conducted an
unpublished study in which of a specimen of polycrystalline olivine is
jacketed within a copper sleeve which retains its face-centred-cubic
(fcc) structure throughout the range of the measurements limited to
1050ºC by the proximity of the melting point. Here we report
measurements to higher temperature (1200ºC) in which we employ
austenitic (fcc) stainless steel (SS) as an alternative jacket material.
Two parallel reference experiments with a SS-jacketed SS specimen and a
SS-jacketed sapphire specimen were also conducted to obtain the
mechanical properties of the jacket material. Such information
concerning the viscoelastic behaviour of SS is used to subtract the
torsional stiffness of the SS jacket from the properties of SS-jacketed
olivine and thereby isolate the mechanical behaviour of olivine. The
resulting dissipation spectrum for the olivine specimen consists of a
monotonic background dissipation with a superimposed peak located within
the 1-1000 s period range for temperatures between 900 and 1050ºC. The
dissipation peak and associated shear modulus dispersion, potentially
attributable to elastically accommodated grain boundary sliding, display
an Arrhenius dependence upon temperature - moving systematically to
shorter periods with increasing temperature. Comparison of the results
obtained for sol-gel Fo90 olivine specimens enclosed
within the alternative mild-steel, copper, and stainless-steel jackets
will provide new insight into the nature of the seismologically
important transition between the elastic and anelastic regimes.