A Rocket-Triggered Lightning Flash Containing Negative-Positive-Negative
Current Polarity Reversal during its Initial Stage
Abstract
A rocket-triggered lightning flash containing
negative–positive–negative current polarity reversal during its
initial stage is analyzed using multiple synchronized observation data.
The flash was triggered under a thunderstorm transition zone between the
convective region and the stratiform region. Both positive leaders
developing in the transition zone and negative leaders developing toward
the convective region could be identified. As the negative initial
continuous current (ICC) declined, a negative leader was transformed
from a recoil leader which turned to break down virgin air off the
preconditioned positive leader branch. As the negative leader developing
forward, a reactivated breakdown leader bridging the grounding trunk
channel and the initiation region of the negative leader caused the
current polarity reversed from negative to positive 0.22 ms later, which
is reported for the first time. The negative leader channel terminated
after propagating for 71.08 ms, and the ICC reversed to be negative
again owing to the propagation of another positive branch. The
horizontal dipole charge structure contributed to the branching of
positive leader and the initiation of negative leader, which combined to
produce the upward bipolar lightning. During the positive ICC stage,
both positive and negative channels simultaneously contributed to the
channel-base current and several negative recoil leaders injecting
negative charge to the grounding trunk channel produced a fast decrease
of the current.