Spatiotemporal Hysteresis Distribution and Decomposition of Solar
Activities and Climatic Oscillation during 1900-2020
Abstract
Meteorological elements have different lag periods for solar activities
(SA), climatic oscillation (CO) and other influencing factors at
different spatiotemporal scales. To further understand the
“solar-climate-water resource” system, this study considers China as
the study area and investigates the monthly data of temperature (T) and
precipitation (P) during 1900–2020 that were obtained from 3836 grid
stations. The strong interaction and lag distribution between T or P
with SA and CO were studied and influence weights of SA, CO, and
geographical factors (GF) of each grid station were calculated. A
multivariate hysteretic decomposition model was established to simulate
and quantitatively decompose the periodic lag considering the factors of
the earth’s revolution. The results indicate the existence of two
dividing lines in the distribution of T and P lag periods. Additionally,
the underlying surface conditions and urbanisation were observed to have
significant effects on the periodic lag of meteorological elements.