Local Ecological Knowledge as a Pathway to Coastal Resilience, Hazard
Mitigation, and Adaptation
Abstract
Local ecological knowledge (LEK) is the experiential knowledge of local
people gained through day-to-day interactions with the environment. LEK
can provide detailed, real-time information about target species,
ecological resources, and rapid state shifts in ecosystems. LEK is
becoming more important as a source of data for conservation research
and management. LEK can supplement conventional ecological surveys and
data by providing rich context and detail on the state of local
ecosystems by the people who work on these ecosystems every day as part
of their livelihoods (Burbidge et al., 1988, Turvey et al., 2010b). Many
communities in the Coastal Bend region of Texas have citizens whose
livelihoods depend entirely on ecosystems as well as economies largely
dependent on ecotourism. Ecotourism important to Coastal Bend economies
includes recreational fishing, coastal parks, birding, and other forms
of wildlife tourism. These same communities were majorly impacted by
Hurricane Harvey and are continuing to slowly recover one year after the
storm. Ecotourism stakeholders possess detailed knowledge on 1) changes
to the ecosystem post Harvey across scales, 2) the needs for prioritized
ecosystem restoration and conservation initiatives that may quicken
ecotourism recovery post-Harvey, and 2) possible blind spots for
conservation and resource management of which decision-makers may be
unaware. Given the urgency and heavy financial burden of hurricane
recovery, LEK can be pathway to resilience. Resilience in the Coastal
Bend post-Harvey would see communities, ecosystems, and economies not
only recovering quickly to their pre-storm states, but also harnessing
the ability to absorb similar shocks in the future. LEK can act as a
pathway to resilience during hurricane recovery as it is inexpensive,
first-hand, detailed knowledge of changes to ecosystem functions linked
to economic development. These changes may be addressed by
decision-makers and resource managers looking to enable post-storm
recovery. This presentation discusses how ecotourism-dependent
communities in the Texas Coastal Bend use LEK to recover from Hurricane
Harvey and build resilience to future extreme events as a model
framework for how LEK can be used more widely to enhance resilience,
respond to hazards, and facilitate adaptation.