Energized oxygen in the magnetotail : Current Sheet Bifurcation from
Speiser motion
Abstract
Oxygen ions can be a major constituent of magnetospheric plasma, yet the
role of oxygen in the magnetosphere is often not sufficiently
understood. We examine the case of a thinning current sheet prior to the
onset of magnetic reconnection. We perform 2.5D PIC simulations of a
3-species system of electrons, protons and heavy ions ($O^+$). We
initiated the simulations using the well-known GEM Challenge
configuration. Our approach differs from previous simulations involving
heavy ions in two important aspects. First, we initiate the simulations
with energized $O^+$ as opposed to using a thermal population. The
energization is based on published in-situ measurements consisting of an
initial dusk-ward velocity equivalent to $\sim$7 KeV.
Second, we tracked the particles directly in the simulation rather than
performing test particle tracing in post processing. We show three main
results. First, energized dawn-dusk streaming ions exhibit sustained
Speiser motion. Second, a single population of heavy ions can produce a
stable bifurcated current sheet. Third, magnetic reconnection is not
required to produce a bifurcated current sheet.