Polar Cap Boundary identification using redline optical data and DMSP
satellite particle data
Abstract
\justify The location of the polar cap boundary is
typically determined using low-orbit satellite measurements in which the
boundary is identified by its unique signature of a sharp decrease in
energy and particle flux poleward of the auroral oval. In principle,
this decrease in precipitating particles should appear as a concomitant
sharp change in auroral luminosity. Based on a few events,
\cite{Blanchard_1995} suggested that a dramatic
gradient in redline aurora may also be an indicator of the polar cap
boundary. In recent years, advances in capabilities and the deployment
of ground-based all-sky imagers have ushered in a new era of auroral
measurements. Auroral imaging has moved well beyond the capabilities of
the instrumentation in the previous study in terms of both spatial and
temporal resolution. We now have access to decades of optical data from
arrays spanning a huge spatial range, enabling a fresh examination of
the relationship between redline aurora, particle precipitation, and the
polar cap open closed boundary. In this study, we use data from the DMSP
satellites in conjunction with the University of Calgary’s REGO
(630.0nm) data to assess the viability of automated detection of the
2-dimensional polar cap boundary. Our results exhibit good agreement
between the optical and particle polar cap boundary and suggest that a
luminosity in redline emission could serve as a reasonable proxy for the
location of the the electron poleward boundary during, while providing
both high temporal and spatial resolution maps of the open-closed
boundary.