Citizen Science at the Source of the Blue Nile: Promoting Public
Participation in Science for Ensuring Food and Water Security in
Ethiopia
Abstract
The Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia, whose inter-annual variability in local
precipitation has resulted in droughts and floods that lead to economic
and food insecurity, is the area of interest for our NSF-PIRE project,
which aims to develop novel forecast technologies to mitigate the
stresses to local communities. As part of the PIRE project, a Citizen
Science Initiative (PIRE CSI) was established in June 2017, a project
that trains high school students in hydrologic data collection under the
guidance of classroom teachers and graduate students and professors from
Bahir Dar University in four watersheds of interest, located south of
Lake Tana, Ethiopia. Four MSc graduate students were selected from Bahir
Dar University and trained nine high school students who were nominated
taking into account gender and the proximity of their schools to the
watersheds. High school students are currently collecting soil moisture
data using TDR, river stage measurements using optical levels and
groundwater levels using shallow water level meters. The data collection
is supported by an app (B-WING), developed specifically for the needs of
the project. College-ready activities are being planned for the high
school students, i.e. inviting them to Bahir Dar University to analyze
some of the data, present their work at a workshop, and familiarize
themselves with the university experience. Recently, the PIRE CSI was
extended to involve local farmers as “citizen scientists”, collecting
soil moisture data using low-cost, soil moisture sensors developed
in-house at the University of Connecticut, that have been installed in
12 locations and two soil depths (20 cm and 40 cm). The collected data
will be used for the initialization and validation of the hydrological
models developed in the region. The PIRE CSI promotes the empowerment of
local communities and establishes long-lasting partnerships between
scientists and stakeholders. It is believed that the co-generation of
knowledge may contribute to higher rates of forecast adaption by the
local farmers and may trigger the student’s interest in STEM and
encourage their uptake of scientific careers. Acknowledgment: This
material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation
under Grant No. 1545874.