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\begin{document}

\title{The role of three-dimensional fault interactions in creating complex
seismic sequences and power-law magnitude distributions}



\author[1]{Yifan Yin}%
\author[2]{Percy Galvez}%
\author[3]{Elias Rafn Heimisson}%
\author[3]{Stefan Wiemer}%
\affil[1]{Swiss Seismological Service}%
\affil[2]{King Abdullah University of Science and Technology}%
\affil[3]{ETH Zurich}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 15, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
A physics-based earthquake simulator should reproduce first-order
empirical power-law behaviors of magnitudes and clustering. However,
sequences exhibiting these laws have only been produced in discrete and
low-dimension continuum simulations. We show that the same emergence
also occurs in 3-D continuum simulations. Our model approximates a
strike-slip fault system slipping under rate-and-state friction. We
produce spatiotemporally clustered earthquake sequences exhibiting
characteristic Gutenberg-Richter scaling as well as empirical
inter-event time distribution. With fault interaction, partial ruptures
emerge when seismogenic width W over characteristic nucleation length
L\textsubscript{[?]} is larger than 16.24, but none occurs without fault
interaction. The mainshock recurrence times of individual faults remain
quasi-periodic and fit a Brownian passage time distribution. The system
mainshock recurrence time has a short-term Omori-type decay, indicating
a 22\% chance of mainshock clustering. These results show that
physics-based multi-cycle models adequately reflect observed statistical
signatures and show practical potential for long-term hazard assessment
and medium-term forecasting.%
\end{abstract}%



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\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`yinyifan.grl.manuscript.suppl.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/524278/articles/595433-the-role-of-three-dimensional-fault-interactions-in-creating-complex-seismic-sequences-and-power-law-magnitude-distributions}

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