Very low-grade metamorphism of the Dezadeash flysch (Jura-Cretaceous):
Constraints on the burial history of the Nutzotin-Dezadeash basin and
implications regarding the tectonic evolution of the Northern Cordillera
of Alaska and Yukon
Abstract
Secondary mineral assemblages in sandstone and tuff indicate high
temperature zeolite facies metamorphism; Kübler indicies of illite and
Árkai indicies of chlorite in mudstone record diagenetic to high
anchizone metapelitic conditions; and pyrolysis of organic matter and
the color of organic matter (i.e., the Thermal Alteration Index of
palynomorphs and the Conodont Alteration Index) in mudstone and
hemipelagite beds suggest thermal maturation reached catagenesis to
mesogenesis stages. Collectively, the mineralogic and organic thermal
indicators suggest the Dezadesh Formation was subject to
pressure-temperature (P-T) conditions of 2.5 kbar and 250 °C. The
estimated P-T conditions, together with published thermochronometric
data, shows that the Dezadeash Formation underwent rapid, short-term
heating followed by gradual, long-term cooling. Moreover, a calculated
tectonic subsidence curve indicates rapid, short-term subsidence,
followed by gradual, long-term uplift. Secondary clay minerals
associated with heating and subsidence are characterized by a restricted
assemblage dominated by 2M1 illite and chlorite. The
thermal history, subsidence history, and secondary clay mineral
assemblage are not supportive of deposition in peripheral foreland,
backarc, strike-slip, and rift basins; nor are the results corroborative
with previous deformation and crustal-scale reconstructions depicting
the Dezadeash Formation being underthrust >20 km beneath
the Blanchard River assemblage, Kluane Schist, and Yukon composite
terrane (YCT). The Dezadeash-Nutzotin basin contrasts sharply with the
contemporaneous Gravina belt and Gravina sequence in southeastern Alaska
that were apparently underthrust >20 km beneath the YCT.
The contrasting tectono-metamorphic histories may be a manifestation of
oblique collision and diachronous, south-to-north accretion of the
Chitina arc and WCT to YTC.