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\begin{document}

\title{Revisiting The Agro-Climatic Zones Of Ghana: A Re-Classification In
Conformity With Climate Change And Variability}



\author[1]{Edmund Ilimoan Yamba}%
\author[2]{Jeffrey N. A. Aryee}%
\author[3]{Emmanuel Quansah}%
\author[4]{Patrick Davies}%
\author[5]{Cosmos S. Wemegah}%
\author[1]{Marian A Osei}%
\author[6]{Maureen A. Ahiataku}%
\author[1]{Leonard K. Amekudzi}%
\affil[1]{Department of Meteorology and Climate Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology}%
\affil[2]{Department of Meteorology and Climate Science, Kwame Nkrumah  University of Science and Technology}%
\affil[3]{Department of Meteorology and Climate Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technoology}%
\affil[4]{Department of Meteorology and Climate Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and  Technology}%
\affil[5]{Earth Observation Research and Innovation Center}%
\affil[6]{Ghana Meteorological Agency (GMet), Accra, Ghana}%


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  \date{May 25, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Agro-climatic zones are geographical areas delineated based on climate
homogeneity and impact on agriculture. Ghana's agro-climatic zones have
been in use since the 1960s, with no consideration given to current
climate change and variability. The continued use of this age-old
classified zones suggest Ghana's climate remains stable despite previous
research findings to the contrary. In this study, we reconstructed a
more appropriate and dis-aggregated agro-climatic zone map of Ghana that
is in tandem with the current climate change and variability. Our
findings revealed significant changes in the number of climate zones,
their boundary sizes and geographical orientation. The newly proposed
agro-climatic zones map consist of five distinctive climate regimes
namely Sudan Savannah, Guinea Savannah, Transition, Forest and Coastal
zones. The Sudan and Guinea Savannah zones showed a southerly expansion.
The transition zone shriveled in size as the Guinea Savannah zone took
over most of it, notably in the southeast. The forest zone also shrank
in size with a northwest shift while the coastal belt grew to encompass
the whole coast of Ghana. These changes are strong evidence of climate
change and possible food production changes. The findings of this study
are useful to agriculture sector in planning their activities, the
health sector in predicting specific diseases caused by changes in
weather and climate, Ghana Meteorological Agency for weather forecasting
purposes, and the National Disaster Management in identifying disaster
prone zones.%
\end{abstract}%



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