A low-power and area-efficient ultrasound receiver using beamforming SAR
ADC with CDAC combined delay cell structure for 3-D imaging systems
Abstract
We present a low-power area-efficient subarray beamforming receiver (RX)
structure for a miniaturized 3-D ultrasound imaging system. Given that
the delay-and-sum (DAS) and digitization functions consume most of the
area and power in the receiver, the beamforming successive approximation
register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) shares its capacitive
digital-to-analog converter (CDAC) with the delay cells. As a result,
the delay cells implemented with capacitors are embedded in the CDAC
with significant area reduction, further eliminating the need for
power-hungry ADC buffers. Furthermore, the dual reference 10-bit SAR ADC
reduces the area of CDAC by 32 times, achieving a switching energy
reduction of 98.3%, compared to the conventional SAR ADC. As a result,
the proposed beamforming SAR ADC, simulated using a 0.18 μm CMOS
process, consumes 230 μW per channel, significantly reducing the per
channel capacitance.