N (%) N (%)
Sex Sex Sex
Male
Female
18 (75.0) 6 (25.0) 18 (75.0) 6 (25.0)
Smoking status Smoking status Smoking status
Smoker
Non-smoker
7 (29.2) 17 (70.8) 7 (29.2) 17 (70.8)
Age/Age at death (years) 71.5 (median) (range 58-92) 71.5 (median) (range 58-92)
Age at first operation (years) 53.5 (median) (range 40-69) 53.5 (median) (range 40-69)
Age at second operation (years) 62.5 (median) (range 47-82) 62.5 (median) (range 47-82)
Time between first and second operation (years) 9.8 (average) (range 6-13) 9.8 (average) (range 6-13)
New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification Scale New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification Scale New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification Scale
I
II
III
IV
n/a
0 (0) 3 (12.5) 14 (58.3) 6 (25.0) 1 (4.2) 0 (0) 3 (12.5) 14 (58.3) 6 (25.0) 1 (4.2)
LV Grade (1-4) LV Grade (1-4) LV Grade (1-4)
1
2
3
4
18 (75.0) 6 (25.0) n/a n/a 18 (75.0) 6 (25.0) n/a n/a
No Yes
Comorbidities N (%) N (%)
Hypertension
6 (25.0)
18 (75.0)
Cholesterol
13 (54.2)
11 (45.8)
Diabetes mellitus
22 (91.7)
2 (8.3)
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)/Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
24 (100.0)
0 (0)
Chronic renal failure (CRF)
22 (91.7)
2 (8.3)
Coronary artery disease (CAD)
18 (75.0)
6 (25.0)
Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)
23 (95.8)
1 (4.2)
Atrial fibrillation
21 (87.5)
3 (12.5)
AI
1 (4.2)
23 (95.8)
AS
22 (91.7)
2 (8.3)
Endocarditis
22 (91.7)
2 (8.3)
Structural valve deterioration
1 (4.2)
23 (95.8)