Hereditary dehydrated stomatocytosis with new missense mutations in
PIEZO1 through the use of next-generation sequencing panel
Abstract
Dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis (DHS) is characterized by
alterations of ionic flux with increased cation permeability. Although
the clinical presentation of DHS is commonly variable, all of them
present hemolysis and anemia, which may range from mild to severe. Like
all hemolytic anemias, jaundice, pallor, fatigue, splenomegaly, and
gallstones are the key signs. The causative genes have been identified
on ABCG5, ABCG8, PIEZO1, SLC2A1, ABCB6, KCNN4, and RHAG. In this case
study, we report an 11-year-old male patient who had jaundice,
hepatosplenomegaly, and chronic mild congenital non-autoimmune hemolytic
anemia. In our patient, a novel homozygous missense mutation in the
PIEZO1 gene was detected using a gene-targeted Next-Generation
Sequencing panel: c.3364G>A (p.Glu1122Lys), confirming the
diagnosis of hereditary dehydrated stomatocytosis. The reason we want to
report this case is the detection of a new mutation due to hereditary
stomatocytosis, which is a rare disease. Also, due to the limited number
of research centers in developing countries and lack of financial
resources, it is late to be diagnosed with rare diseases.