A Comparison of Side Effects and Patient Perceptions towards Merocel and
Rapid Rhino Packing in the Management of Epistaxis
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and side
effects of non-dissolvable packing for the management of epistaxis.
Design: Prospective, observational cohort study. Setting: A large
university teaching hospital with an emergency department. Participants:
Consecutive adults requiring non-dissolvable packing for the management
of acute epistaxis between March 2020 and March 2021. Main outcome
measures: Likert-scale questions based on the SNOT-22 questionnaire to
assess side effects associated with non-dissolvable packing; and pain
scores on insertion, whilst in-situ and on removal. Results: A total of
80 adults requiring non-dissolvable packing were included. 47% of
patients presented following a first episode of epistaxis and 52%
required inpatient management. 70% of patients had a Rapid Rhino pack
inserted. Rapid Rhino had an increased incidence of patient-perceived
embarrassment (30%, n=17) compared to patients packed with Merocel
(8%, n=2). Patients packed with Rapid Rhino also had an increased
severity of embarrassment (0.46 ±0.11) compared to patients packed with
Merocel (0.13 ±0.09). Merocel packs had a higher mean pain score on
removal (6.09 ±0.73) compared to Rapid Rhino (4.05 ±0.43). No
significant association was noted between rebleed rates and pack type or
rebleed rates and inpatient versus outpatient management. Conclusion:
Non-dissolvable nasal packs, Rapid Rhino and Merocel, have similar
efficacy in controlling epistaxis. Rapid Rhino packs are more
embarrassing for patients in comparison to Merocel packs but are less
painful to remove. Patients were successfully managed in the outpatient
setting without an increased complication rate.