Results
LV and RV electro-anatomic maps were obtained at baseline and during HB pacing in four out of the five animals (one animal did not have RV map during HB pacing). Average QRS duration was 54±3.9ms and 79±26.0ms at baseline and during HB pacing respectively. HV interval at baseline was 28±6.3ms and stim-V was 36±3.7ms during HB pacing.
The earliest site of ventricular myocardial activation at baseline was in the LV mid-septum and was 5±1.9ms earlier than the RV septum. During HB pacing, earliest site of ventricular activation was in the RV at the pacing site and 25±19.6ms earlier than the LV. LV activation times were 63±6.9ms at baseline and 75±25.6ms during HB pacing. The activation sequence in the LV was mid-septum (earliest) followed by apex and then base during sinus rhythm, while during HB pacing, the earliest LV activation was in the high septum then spread down to the apex (Figure 1 ). On necropsy specimens, the HB pacing lead was found on the ventricular septum at or slightly below the membranous septum.