Abstract
This paper presents the spatial variation of area-orientated annual
maximum daily rainfall (AMDR), represented by well-fitted generalized
extreme value (GEV) distributions, from two century-long datasets of
Great Britain (GB) and Australia with respect to three spatial
properties: geographic locations, sizes and shapes of the region of
interest (ROI). The results show that the spatial variation of GEV
location-scale parameters are dominated by geographic locations and area
sizes. In GB, there is an eastward-decreasing banded pattern compared
with a concentrically-increasing pattern from the middle to coasts in
Australia. The parameters tend to decrease with increased area sizes in
both studied regions. Although the impact of the ROI shapes is
insignificant, the round-shaped regions usually have higher-valued
parameters than the elongated ones. The findings provide a new
perspective to understanding the heterogeneity of extreme rainfall
distribution over space driven by the complex interactions among
climate, geographical features, and the practical sampling approaches.