Abstract
Central Iran supports a diversity of carnivores, most of which are
threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation. Carnivore conservation
requires the identification and preservation of core habitats and
ensuring connectivity between them. In the present study, we applied
species distribution modeling to predict habitat suitability and used
connectivity modeling to predict linkage (resistant kernel and factorial
least-cost path analyses) for grey wolf and golden jackal in central
Iran. For grey wolf, elevation, topographic roughness and distance from
agriculture lands were the strongest predictors; however, for golden
jackal, distance from agriculture lands, human settlements and
topographic roughness were the most influential variables in predicting
the occurrence of this species. Our results also indicated a high
potential for large parts of the landscape to support the occurrence of
these two canid species. The largest and the most crucial core habitats
and corridor paths for the conservation of both species are located in
the southern part of the study landscape. We found a small overlap
between golden jackal corridor paths and core habitats with protected
areas, which has important implications for conservation and future
viability of the golden jackal populations. Some sections of core areas
are bisected by roads, where most vehicle collisions with grey wolf and
golden jackal occurred. We propose that effective conservation of both
species would require integrated landscape-level management to reduce
mortality risk, as well as protection of core areas and corridors and
development of mitigation strategies to reduce vehicle collisions.