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Ovomucoid-specific IgD increases in children who naturally outgrow egg allergy
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  • Naohiro Itoh,
  • Motoko Yasutomi,
  • Akiko Kawasaki,
  • Hiroki Murai,
  • Eishi Nomura,
  • Yuuki Hagihara,
  • Kazumasa Ogura,
  • Yusei Ohshima
Naohiro Itoh
University of Fukui Faculty of Medical Sciences

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Motoko Yasutomi
University of Fukui Faculty of Medical Sciences
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Akiko Kawasaki
University of Fukui Faculty of Medical Sciences
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Hiroki Murai
University of Fukui Faculty of Medical Sciences
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Eishi Nomura
Fukui Red Cross Hospital
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Yuuki Hagihara
Tsuruga City Hospital
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Kazumasa Ogura
Ohtaki Hospital
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Yusei Ohshima
University of Fukui Faculty of Medical Sciences
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Abstract

Background: The majority of egg-allergic children outgrow hypersensitivity against heated egg and then raw egg over time. The roles of ovomucoid (OVM)- and ovalbumin (OVA)-specific IgD in children who naturally outgrow egg allergy are uncertain. We investigated whether specific IgD to egg white (EW), OVM, and OVA correlate with allergen-specific IgE and can predict the development of immune tolerance to egg allergens. Methods: The tolerated doses of cooked egg white, which were determined by oral food challenge and/or an episode of accidental ingestion and corresponding specific IgE, IgG4 and IgD levels were evaluated in 57 children with egg allergy and 23 non-egg allergic children. Results: Patients avoiding all forms of egg had lower EW-, OVM-, and OVA-specific IgD and IgG4 than those partially avoiding egg, those that had outgrown egg allergy, and non-egg allergic children. The ratio of OVM-specific IgD to OVA-specific IgD increased depending on the ingestible amounts of boiled EW, whereas the ratio of OVM-specific IgG4 to OVA-specific IgG4 did not change. Receiver operating curve analysis revealed that the ratio of OVM-specific IgE to OVM-IgD was the best index to discriminate intolerant from tolerant egg-allergic patients. Conclusion: The production of OVM-specific IgD differs from OVM-specific IgG4 as children naturally outgrow egg allergy. The ratio of OVM-specific IgE to OVM-specific D is useful in distinguishing egg-sensitized patients with clinically reactive egg allergy from those who naturally outgrow egg allergy.