Defining conservation units
We applied the framework of Funk et al. (2012) to identify
evolutionary significant units (ESUs), management units (MUs) and
adaptive units (AU). ESUs were delineated based on the population
structure detected using all loci. MUs were delineated based on neutral
loci in HWE to detect demographically independent units. AUs were
delineated using loci identified as adaptive using the methods outlined
above. Assignment to different groups within each conservation unit type
was based on visual inspection of the PCAs, accounting for all
significant PC axes. For ESU definition we also considered mitochondrial
DNA data from other studies (Hoisington 2007; Hoisington-Lopez et
al. 2012), which tends to reflect biogeographic patterns at the levels
of intermediate to distant past (Zink & Barrowclough 2008), and for MUs
we also considered the proportion of assignment to the K inferred
populations, supported by levels of population differentiation,F ST (Palsbøll et al. 2006).