Clinical Burden associated with Different Viruses
The median LOS, the proportion of subjects admitted to an ICU, the ICU
LOS, and in-hospital mortality for each virus are shown in Table 2. As
the burden was similar in each year, data for both years were combined.
The overall median LOS was 4.2 days (interquartile range [IQR] 2.3,
7.8 days) and similar for each virus. Overall, 14.4% of patients had an
ICU admission with a median ICU LOS of 4.0 days (IQR 2.1, 8.4 days).
Compared to other viruses, CoV229E (p=0.01) and AV (p=0.02) were each
associated with a significantly larger proportion of ICU admissions and
AV was associated with the longest ICU LOS (p=0.03). Of the 225 ICU
admissions associated with RV/EV, 19 (8.4%) had another virus
co-detected. Four percent of patients died during hospitalization. RV/EV
was associated with 31.8% of deaths and CoV229E was associated with the
highest mortality rate (12.3%, p < 0.001). The median LOS
among those who died was 9.7 days (IQR 5.0, 19.8 days) and was longest
for AV (38.0 days, p=0.03).
Those with RV/EV (n=1,667 patients) and those with
influenza/non-influenza co-detection (n=67 patients) were excluded from
the analysis comparing the burden of influenza viruses (784 patients) to
that of the non-influenza viruses (1,714 patients). Compared to patients
with influenza, a significantly higher proportion of patients with the
non-influenza viruses CoV, RSV, PIV, hMPV, and AV were admitted to the
ICU (11.0% vs. 16.7%, respectively, p=0.002). Compared to patients
with influenza, a significantly higher proportion of patients with the
non-influenza respiratory viruses died (3.2% and 5.2%, respectively,
p=0.025).