Table 1. Baseline clinical characteristics
Variables
All patients (n=105) NYHA I (n=11) NYHA II (n=54)
NYHA III-IV (n=40)
P-value
Age (years) 61±14 51±10 §‡ 62±13 62±14 0.048
Men, n(%) 77 (73%) 9 (82%) 40 (74%) 28 (70%) 0.72
Comorbidities, n(%) Comorbidities, n(%) Comorbidities, n(%) Comorbidities, n(%) Comorbidities, n(%) Comorbidities, n(%)
Hypertension 58 (55%) 4 (36%) 33 (61%) 21 (53%) 0.29
Diabetes mellitus 19 (18%) 1 (9%) 9 (17%) 9 (23%) 0.55
Smoking, n(%) 43 (41%) 5 (45%) 24 (44%) 14 (35%) 0.62
Medication, n(%) Medication, n(%) Medication, n(%) Medication, n(%) Medication, n(%) Medication, n(%)
ACE-I/ARBs 97 (92%) 9 (82%) 52 (96%) 36 (90%) 0.20
Beta-blocker 100 (95%) 11(100%) 52 (96%) 37 (93%) 0.67
MRA 93 (89%) 7 (64%) § 49 (91%) 37 (93%) 0.02
Loop diuretic 72 (69%) 3 (27%) §‡ 36 (67%) 33 (83%) 0.002
BNP (pg/ml) 280 (101-665) 156 (103-269) § 110 (83-451) § 620 (205-1250) <0.001
§ significant versus NYHA III-IV ‡ significant versus NYHA II Continuous data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). Categorical data are expressed as number (percentage). n – number of patients; ACE-I – angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB – angiotensin receptor blocker; MRA – mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; BNP – brain natriuretic peptide Bolded p-values are statistically significant § significant versus NYHA III-IV ‡ significant versus NYHA II Continuous data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). Categorical data are expressed as number (percentage). n – number of patients; ACE-I – angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB – angiotensin receptor blocker; MRA – mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; BNP – brain natriuretic peptide Bolded p-values are statistically significant § significant versus NYHA III-IV ‡ significant versus NYHA II Continuous data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). Categorical data are expressed as number (percentage). n – number of patients; ACE-I – angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB – angiotensin receptor blocker; MRA – mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; BNP – brain natriuretic peptide Bolded p-values are statistically significant § significant versus NYHA III-IV ‡ significant versus NYHA II Continuous data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). Categorical data are expressed as number (percentage). n – number of patients; ACE-I – angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB – angiotensin receptor blocker; MRA – mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; BNP – brain natriuretic peptide Bolded p-values are statistically significant § significant versus NYHA III-IV ‡ significant versus NYHA II Continuous data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). Categorical data are expressed as number (percentage). n – number of patients; ACE-I – angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB – angiotensin receptor blocker; MRA – mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; BNP – brain natriuretic peptide Bolded p-values are statistically significant § significant versus NYHA III-IV ‡ significant versus NYHA II Continuous data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). Categorical data are expressed as number (percentage). n – number of patients; ACE-I – angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB – angiotensin receptor blocker; MRA – mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; BNP – brain natriuretic peptide Bolded p-values are statistically significant