Table 2. Two-dimensional echocardiographic data
Variables
All patients (n=105) NYHA I (n=11) NYHA II (n=54)
NYHA III-IV (n=40)
P-value
LV functional parameters LV functional parameters LV functional parameters LV functional parameters LV functional parameters LV functional parameters
LVEDV index (ml/m2) 126±39 144±49 125±37 123±38 0.27
LVESV index (ml/m2) 92±32 102±42 89±29 93±34 0.51
LVEF (%) 28±7 30±8 29±7 26±8 0.06
Mitral flow parameters Mitral flow parameters Mitral flow parameters Mitral flow parameters Mitral flow parameters Mitral flow parameters
E wave velocity (cm/s) 77±21 71±15 76±22 80±23 0.45
E wave DT (ms) 174±45 174±41 178±49 168±42 0.59
A wave velocity (cm/s) 69±22 60±19 73±22 66±22 0.08
E/A ratio 1.27±0.66 0.90±0.25 § 1.16±0.57 1.42±0.80 0.04
Average E/E’ ratio 13.4±5.6 11.4±3.1 § 12.2±4.2 § 15.5±7 0.007
GLS-LV (%) -7.9±2.9 -9.8±3.2 § -8.3±2.6 § -6.7±2.8 0.002
LA volume index (ml/m2) 48±22 46±24 47±22 51±23 0.66
RV functional parameters RV functional parameters RV functional parameters RV functional parameters RV functional parameters RV functional parameters
RV basal diameter (mm) 37±6 36±6 37±5 38±7 0.26
TAPSE (mm) 18±4 19±3 § 19±3 § 16±4 0.002
S wave velocity (cm/s) 10.6±2 11.2±1.5 11.2±1.7 § 9.7±2.3 0.002
RV-FAC (%) 34±10 34±7 36±8 32±11 0.06
Tricuspid flow parameters Tricuspid flow parameters Tricuspid flow parameters Tricuspid flow parameters Tricuspid flow parameters Tricuspid flow parameters
E wave velocity (cm/s) 54±11 51±8 54±10 55±13 0.50
E wave DT (ms) 176±38 184±22 176±37 175±43 0.76
A wave velocity (cm/s) 48±12 55±10 § 48±11 44±12 0.01
E/A ratio 1.20±0.34 0.96±0.28 § 1.18±0.34 1.30±0.31 0.01
GLS-RV (%) -12±5 -14.3±4.4 -12.8±5 § -10.3±4.6 0.01
RVFW-LS (%) -15±7.9 -19.3±6.3 § -15.8±7.6 -12.8±8.2 0.03
RA volume index (ml/m2) 24 (19–35) 23 (16–35) 26 (20–35) 24 (18–35) 0.98
More than mild TR, n(%) 20 (19%) 2 (18%) 6 (11%) 12(30%) 0.07
PASP (mm Hg) 30 (22–39) 30 (26–34) 28 (22–34) 32 (21–44) 0.29
§ significant versus NYHA III-IV Continuous ata are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). Categorical data are expressed as number (percentage). Units of measurement are given in parentheses. n – number of patients; LV – left ventricle; EDV – end-diastolic volume; ESV – end-systolic volume; EF – ejection fraction; DT – deceleration time; GLS – global longitudinal strain; LA – left atrium; RV – right ventricle; FAC – fractional area change; TAPSE – tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; FW-LS – free wall longitudinal strain; RA – right atrium; TR – tricuspid regurgitation; PASP – pulmonary artery systolic pressure Bolded p-values are statistically significant § significant versus NYHA III-IV Continuous ata are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). Categorical data are expressed as number (percentage). Units of measurement are given in parentheses. n – number of patients; LV – left ventricle; EDV – end-diastolic volume; ESV – end-systolic volume; EF – ejection fraction; DT – deceleration time; GLS – global longitudinal strain; LA – left atrium; RV – right ventricle; FAC – fractional area change; TAPSE – tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; FW-LS – free wall longitudinal strain; RA – right atrium; TR – tricuspid regurgitation; PASP – pulmonary artery systolic pressure Bolded p-values are statistically significant § significant versus NYHA III-IV Continuous ata are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). Categorical data are expressed as number (percentage). Units of measurement are given in parentheses. n – number of patients; LV – left ventricle; EDV – end-diastolic volume; ESV – end-systolic volume; EF – ejection fraction; DT – deceleration time; GLS – global longitudinal strain; LA – left atrium; RV – right ventricle; FAC – fractional area change; TAPSE – tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; FW-LS – free wall longitudinal strain; RA – right atrium; TR – tricuspid regurgitation; PASP – pulmonary artery systolic pressure Bolded p-values are statistically significant § significant versus NYHA III-IV Continuous ata are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). Categorical data are expressed as number (percentage). Units of measurement are given in parentheses. n – number of patients; LV – left ventricle; EDV – end-diastolic volume; ESV – end-systolic volume; EF – ejection fraction; DT – deceleration time; GLS – global longitudinal strain; LA – left atrium; RV – right ventricle; FAC – fractional area change; TAPSE – tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; FW-LS – free wall longitudinal strain; RA – right atrium; TR – tricuspid regurgitation; PASP – pulmonary artery systolic pressure Bolded p-values are statistically significant § significant versus NYHA III-IV Continuous ata are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). Categorical data are expressed as number (percentage). Units of measurement are given in parentheses. n – number of patients; LV – left ventricle; EDV – end-diastolic volume; ESV – end-systolic volume; EF – ejection fraction; DT – deceleration time; GLS – global longitudinal strain; LA – left atrium; RV – right ventricle; FAC – fractional area change; TAPSE – tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; FW-LS – free wall longitudinal strain; RA – right atrium; TR – tricuspid regurgitation; PASP – pulmonary artery systolic pressure Bolded p-values are statistically significant § significant versus NYHA III-IV Continuous ata are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). Categorical data are expressed as number (percentage). Units of measurement are given in parentheses. n – number of patients; LV – left ventricle; EDV – end-diastolic volume; ESV – end-systolic volume; EF – ejection fraction; DT – deceleration time; GLS – global longitudinal strain; LA – left atrium; RV – right ventricle; FAC – fractional area change; TAPSE – tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; FW-LS – free wall longitudinal strain; RA – right atrium; TR – tricuspid regurgitation; PASP – pulmonary artery systolic pressure Bolded p-values are statistically significant