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A Descriptive Epidemiological Study of Head and Neck cancers at a Major Referral Center in Southern Africa
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  • Komeela Naidoo,
  • Hannah Simonds,
  • Abdul-Kader Ebrahim,
  • Leon Janse vAn Rensburg,
  • Marc Merven,
  • Johan Opperman,
  • Amir Afrogheh
Komeela Naidoo
University of Stellenbosch

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Hannah Simonds
University of Stellenbosch
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Abdul-Kader Ebrahim
University of Stellenbosch
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Leon Janse vAn Rensburg
University of Stellenbosch
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Marc Merven
University of Stellenbosch
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Johan Opperman
University of Western Cape Faculty of Dentistry
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Amir Afrogheh
University of Western Cape Faculty of Dentistry
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Abstract

Background The aim was to describe the profile of Head and Neck Cancers (HNC) at a referral centre in South Africa. Methods Records from January 2015 to December 2017 were reviewed. Variables analysed were site, histologic type, age, sex, HIV status, p16 status, treatment intent/ modality, and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology group performance (ECOG). Results Of 854 patients, 71% were male. Median age was 58. Smoking was a risk factor in 86.3% (n=737) and alcohol in 74.2% (n=634). 53.86% (n=460) and 27.17% (n=232) had ECOG scores of 1 and 2 respectively. 9% (n=56) were HIV positive. 167 had oropharyngeal primaries, and 9.58% (n=16) were p16-positive. 53.87% (n=466) had locally advanced disease, and 47.42% (n=405) received palliative treatment. Conclusion At this centre, HNC affects older adult males of lower socioeconomic status, who often smoke and drink and present with locally advanced disease, requiring palliative oncologic care. HPV and HIV play a minor role.