Emotional Intelligence Among Medical Students and Residents in
Palestine: A Cross-sectional Study
Abstract
Objective: In medical education and clinical practice, emotional
intelligence (EI) has been related to improved doctor-patient
relationships. Here, EI was measured among Palestinian medical stu-dents
in two stages of their studies, clinical and basic sciences, and factors
that may affect it were assessed. Moreover, EI scores were compared
between participating universities to detect possible differences.
Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based, online
survey was conducted on 692 medical students attending Al-Quds and
Al-Najah Universities in Palestine. Emotional intel-ligence was
evaluated using the 33-item scale introduced by Schutte et al. (1998).
Data was ana-lyzed in a quantitative manner using the Statistical
Package for Social Sciences (Ver. 20.0). Results: The mean EI was 3.83
(SD=0.41) out of maximum possible score of 5, with 69.1% hav-ing high
EI (>3.68). EI decreased significantly at α≤0.05 across
basic and clinical stages of study, with a negative correlation between
EI and academic year (PCC= -0.086). This indicates that as academic year
increases, EI decreases (p=0.023). Moreover, EI is affected positively
and signifi-cantly at α≤0.05 by having a hobby or doing extracurricular
activities. In addition, students who indicate continual regret for
studying medicine tend to have lower EI, which may reflect a lack of
interest in studying this field. Conclusion: The study found no
significant differences in mean EI at α ≤0.05 between the stu-dents of
Al-Quds (mean=3.83) and Al-Najah universities (mean=3.84). At these
universities, par-ticipating medical students, both male and female, had
relatively high levels of emotional intelli-gence. Students in the
clinical stage had lower EI than those in the basic sciences stage,
which indicates a conflict between objectivity and humanity while
training clinically. Therefore, emo-tional support during clinical years
would aid in improving EI. Moreover, EI being affected by hobbies or
extracurricular activities indicates that EI can be modulated through
encouragement of such activities.