Author Contributions
Designed the research: Pierre Taberlet, Tony Dejean, Gentile Francesco
Ficetola, Frédéric Boyer, Alice Valentini, Aurélie Bonin, Albin Meyer,
Philippe Usseglio-Polatera
Performed research: Alice Valentini, Aurélie Bonin, Albin Meyer, Coline
Gaboriaud, Pierre Taberlet, Tony Dejean, Gentile Francesco Ficetola,
Frédéric Boyer, Philippe Usseglio-Polatera
Analyzed data: Gentile Francesco Ficetola, Frédéric Boyer, Aurélie Bonin
Wrote the paper: Gentile Francesco Ficetola wrote the first draft of the
paper, with subsequent contribution of all the authors
Figure legends
Figure 1. Amplification rate of the three markers across benthic
macroinvertebrate taxa. A): all taxa; B): insects only.
Figure 2. Completeness of the combined database, combining the sequences
produced in this study with sequences retrieved from public databases.
For each taxon, the plots report the proportion of European genera of
macroinvertebrates with at least one sequence in the database.
Figure 3. Resolution of the three markers at the species, genus and
family levels. The resolution is measured as the proportion of
metabarcodes that are associated with a) at least two species; b) at
least two genera; c) at least two families (non-identification),
therefore low values of non-identification indicate a better performance
of the markers.
Table 1. Inventory of macrobenthos specimens from which we extracted and
amplified DNA.