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Less surface sea ice melt in the CESM2 improves Arctic sea ice simulation with minimal non-polar climate impacts
  • +12
  • Jennifer E Kay,
  • Patricia DeRepentigny,
  • Marika M Holland,
  • David Anthony Bailey,
  • Alice K. DuVivier,
  • Edward Blanchard-Wrigglesworth,
  • Clara Deser,
  • Alexandra Jahn,
  • Hansi Alice Singh,
  • Madison Margaret Smith,
  • Melinda Anne Webster,
  • James Edwards,
  • Sun-Seon Lee,
  • Keith Rodgers,
  • Nan A. Rosenbloom
Jennifer E Kay
University of Colorado Boulder, University of Colorado Boulder

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Patricia DeRepentigny
University of Colorado Boulder, University of Colorado Boulder
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Marika M Holland
National Center for Atmospheric Research (UCAR), National Center for Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
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David Anthony Bailey
National Center for Atmospheric Research (UCAR), National Center for Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
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Alice K. DuVivier
National Center for Atmospheric Research (UCAR), National Center for Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
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Edward Blanchard-Wrigglesworth
University of Washington, University of Washington
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Clara Deser
National Center for Atmospheric Research (UCAR), National Center for Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
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Alexandra Jahn
University of Colorado Boulder, University of Colorado Boulder
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Hansi Alice Singh
University of Victoria, University of Victoria
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Madison Margaret Smith
University of Washington, University of Washington
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Melinda Anne Webster
University of Alaska Fairbanks/Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks/Geophysical Institute
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James Edwards
National Center for Atmospheric Research (UCAR), National Center for Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
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Sun-Seon Lee
IBS Center for Climate Physics (ICCP), Pusan National University, IBS Center for Climate Physics (ICCP), Pusan National University
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Keith Rodgers
IBS Center for Climate Physics, IBS Center for Climate Physics
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Nan A. Rosenbloom
National Center for Atmospheric Research (UCAR), National Center for Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
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Abstract

This study isolates the influence of sea ice mean state on pre-industrial climate and transient 1850-2100 climate change within a fully coupled global model: The Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2). The CESM2 sea ice model physics is modified to increase surface albedo, reduce surface sea ice melt, and increase Arctic sea ice thickness and late summer cover. Importantly, increased Arctic sea ice in the modified model reduces a present-day late-summer ice cover bias. Of interest to coupled model development, this bias reduction is realized without degrading the global simulation including top-of-atmosphere energy imbalance, surface temperature, surface precipitation, and major modes of climate variability. The influence of these sea ice physics changes on transient 1850-2100 climate change is compared within a large initial condition ensemble framework. Despite similar global warming, the modified model with thicker Arctic sea ice than CESM2 has a delayed and more realistic transition to a seasonally ice free Arctic Ocean. Differences in transient climate change between the modified model and CESM2 are challenging to detect due to large internally generated climate variability. In particular, two common sea ice benchmarks - sea ice sensitivity and sea ice trends - are of limited value for comparing models with similar global warming. More broadly, these results show the importance of a reasonable Arctic sea ice mean state when simulating the transition to an ice-free Arctic Ocean in a warming world. Additionally, this work highlights the importance of large initial condition ensembles for credible model-to-model and observation-model comparisons.
Apr 2022Published in Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems volume 14 issue 4. 10.1029/2021MS002679