Using a panel data model, we introduce the factor of long-term quality support and find robust evidence of the relationship between the relative investment ratio of different types of overall fiscal expenditures and the equilibrium effect on economic development, especially in the realm of education investment (higher education and vocational education). Empirical results indicate that only when the region has a sufficiently high level of long-term quality support and ample resources for long-term labor security, can the return on education expenditure manifest as an improvement in the labor market. This implies that the level of education investment and regional development guarantee expenditure impact the long-term quality support we propose, and to some extent, the level of long-term quality support demonstrates its influence on the improvement of the labor market.

This study explores the discourse of educational excellence and internationalisation in Japan’s Designated National University Corporation System. It frames the policy initiative within the continuum of longstanding goals set by the Japanese government and demonstrates how the work of Michel Foucault can be used to help uncover intricate power dynamics and ideological conflicts inherent in policy. The investigation employs Carol Bacchi’s “What’s the Problem Represented to Be?” framework to operationalise Foucault’s theories and investigate the policy discourse. Consequently, the research illuminates the government’s central concern as the global competitiveness of Japanese universities, leading to the imposition of rigorous criteria for the designation, emphasising research quality, collaboration with society, and international cooperation. The recommendation is that more comprehensive reforms are needed to foster authentic global engagement and inclusivity across a broader base of higher education institutions, rather than focussing resources on elites and their pursuit of global prestige.

The conference hosted at Dalian Maritime University concerning maritime education and sus-tainable shipping industry discussed the future of Maritime Education and Training (MET). With the emergence of new technologies and enforcement of Ⅳ Amendments of the IMO MARPOL Convention in 2023 1st January, the future of MET has gained more inspection. Lectures are con-ducted by scholars from 42 different institutions under three paralleled sessions. The conference has witnessed a trend of increasing awareness of society and corporation collaboration. The consensus of curriculum modification was also stressed by many speakers. The multi-ple-dimensional application of technology could be an effective assistance to both the MET and the future of the industry.

English as a Foreign Language (EFL) pedagogy is a complicated process in which various psychological elements, including personality characteristics and socio-interactive preferences contribute to the effectiveness of teacher-learner communication. Based on the Big Five Personality Dimensions, this qualitative study explored the relationship between EFL teachers’ personality types and instructional immediacy. The findings revealed that extraversion, agreeableness, and openness induced immediacy and that the opposite ends of agreeableness and self-centeredness precluded immediacy. However, introversion was found to have mixed effects on immediacy, depending on the EFL teachers’ self-awareness of communicative importance. Thus, personality influences communication skills.

Deception in research is contentious, as ethical codes stress informed consent, yet complete disclosure may jeopardise the validity of certain studies. Hence, this study explores the ethical justification for incomplete deception (partial disclosure) as categorised by the Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR) guidelines, permissible instances, and the dilemma faced by ethics committees in balancing scientific rigour and participant protection. Qualitative, descriptive cross-sectional research using in-depth interviews was adopted, and themes were identified through thematic analysis. Findings reveal challenges for ethics committees as incomplete information hampers understanding, among others. Alternatively, partial disclosure could be justified by the 3Vs—value, validity, and veracity—to preserve research integrity. The paper proposes an ethics committee framework, urging researchers to minimise or avoid partial deception and recommending institutional awareness campaigns and Standard Operating Procedures for minimal-harm studies using partial disclosure.

At present, there are few studies on the antecedents of benevolent leadership, and it is regard as a static characteristic. At the same time, research on the effects of sleep generally focuses on the psychology and behavior of oneself. This study discusses the effect of manager sleep on benevolent leadership through emotional exhaustion, and extends the effect to deviant behavior of employees, using job stress as a moderating variable. Based on the self-regulation theory and experience sampling method, 497 unit-days samples were analyzed by multilevel path analysis and Monte Carlo simulation test, and the results were obtained: manager sleep quality is positively related to benevolent leadership, and emotional exhaustion plays a mediating role. Benevolent leadership is negatively related to employee’s deviant behavior. Manager sleep quality affects employee deviant behavior through emotional exhaustion and benevolent leadership. Job stress negatively moderated the negative relationship between manager sleep quality and emotional exhaustion. Finally, we discuss the theoretical contribution, practical implication of this research and future prospects.

The Death Anxiety Inventory-Revised (DAI-R) is a relatively new instrument to quantify anxiety about death in different contexts. However, the dimensionality in the elderly population is unknown. The study aimed to corroborate the dimensionality of the DAI-R among Colombian-aged adults. A psychometric study was conducted with the participation of 100 aged adults (M=68.82±4.82; 52% were male gender). This scale has 17 items, grouped into four dimensions or factors, and a dichotomous answer pattern. Dimensionality was tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and goodness-of-fit indicators were computed. The CFA showed unacceptable goodness-of-fit indicators, and the four-dimensional structure of the DAI-R was rejected. In conclusion, the DAI-R has an unsatisfactory four-dimensional structure among Colombian-aged adults. Further research should corroborate this finding with a large sample size.

A test development and validation of a Filipino Emotional Intelligence Scale for High School Students

This research investigates students' perceptions of digital technology usage and whether a year of English language learning incorporating these technologies in a university course influences their learning attitudes. 135 participants completed questionnaires at the end of the first semester and 125 at the end of the second semester. Findings indicate that participants' attitudes toward digital technology usage appeared to shift, irrespective of their English language proficiency. However, students' attitudes towards digital technologies varied based on their English proficiency level. Lower proficiency students were more engaged in English learning via digital technology, while those with higher proficiency seemed to favor traditional paper-based learning materials. The study proposes that teachers' practices and attitudes towards digital technologies could affect students' mindsets and the observed changes.

Fiona Atim1,2, Regina Ndagire2, Deus Ampwera5, Innocent Ssemanda4, Frank Kiyinji1; Stephen Okoboi3, Faustino Orach-Meza1, Rose Clarke Nanyonga2.Affiliations:1 Nkumba University, Entebbe Road, P.O Box 237, Entebbe, Uganda2 Clarke International University, P.O Box 7782, Kampala, Uganda3 Infection Disease Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University4 Ministry o f Health Uganda5 School of Statistics and Planning, College of Business and Management Sciences, Makerere UniversityCorresponding author:Atim Fiona1,2Contact: +256772641823Email: [email protected]

Objectives: This study aims to explore parents’ exercise habits (PEH), exercise motivation (EMO), and exercise behavior (EB) in Shanghai junior high school students. Methods: A nationwide online survey was conducted across Shanghai from February to June 2023 using a randomly stratified sampling design. In total, 803 questionnaires were distributed across Shanghai via online platforms. A total of 777 complete and detailed responses were included in the final analysis. Structural equation modeling techniques were employed to analyze the collected data using Smart-PLS 4.0. Results: It has been statistically proven that all the scales used in this inquiry to determine the mean scores, standard deviation, excess kurtosis, and skewness values were reliable and produced satisfactory results except H2 and H3. The results (H1: β=0299, t=4.358, p=0.000; H4: β=0.129, t=2.713, p=0.007; H5: β=-0.198, t=3.502, p=0.000; H6 : β=0.208, t=5.482, p=0.007; H7: β=0.140, t=3.735, p=0.007; H8: β=0.143, t=3.801, p=0.007; H9: β=0.132, t=3.175, p=0.000; H10: β=0.106, t=2.891, p=0.000; H11: β=0.366, t=9.110, p=0.000) supported our hypothetical model and explained that parents’ exercise habits (PEH), social motivation (SMO), ability motivation (AMO), and healthy motivation (HMO) benefits students’ exercise behavior (EB). Although fun motivation (FMO) and appearance motivation (APMO) have no effect on students’ exercise behavior, parents’ exercise habits (PEH) have effect on all types of exercise motivation (EMO). Conclusions: PEH, SMO, AMO, and HMO affect EB in adolescents. The SMO and AMO play mediating roles in the relationship between PEH and EB.

Governments and enterprises worldwide are paying attention to digital transformation and the convergence of industry and education due to the rapid advancement of technology. The digital transformation of the government is conducive to the industry-education, integration, but the specific mechanisms and modes of influence need further investigation. This paper adopts a novel perspective, introducing cooperation willingness and the frequency of industry-university interaction as two mediating variables to form a chained mediation model, analyzing the impact of digital transformation on industry-education integration and its underlying mechanisms. Through policy guidance, technological support, and resource integration, government digital transformation can increase the willingness to cooperate and frequency of interaction between academia and industry, as revealed by the research. This plays a significant facilitating role in the implementation of industry-education integration. Enhancing the quality of higher education, encouraging industrial upgrading, and fostering high-quality talent has a significant impact from this.

One of the most understated interpretations in the history of political ideas is the influence of theology in the political thought of Jean Jacques Rousseau. This essay responds to this lacuna by advancing the claim that Rousseau's idea of the general will is best understood when one adopts a Christian theological perspective. Here, I argue that this interpretation helps us to understand why his form of democratic representation appears at the same time so closed, sacred, and absolute. As the communion with Christ works in the spiritual world, the mystical identification between the representative and the people, operates in the secular world. Given this conceptual convergence, this work has two primary tasks. First, it reconstructs and develops an explicitly theological origin of the general will. Second, it evaluates the extent to which the general will emulates the doctrine of communion. Finally, I add Rousseau's explicit belief in Christianism as a possible source for his concept of the general will. Taken together, I aim to provide a theological understanding of Rousseau's political thought.

AbstractAs industries shift towards sustainability and technological advancement, the role of engineering education must evolve to meet these demands. This paper presents a framework for integrating Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs), Polymer Composites, and green hydrogen technologies into mechanical engineering curricula, with the aim of enhancing student engagement, technical competency, and industry readiness. The framework combines theoretical instruction with hands-on, project-based learning, supported by industry collaborations that expose students to real-world challenges and applications.Results from the implementation of this framework demonstrate significant improvements in student learning outcomes, with over 85% of students reporting greater interest and understanding of the subject matter. Practical projects in MMC fabrication, material testing, and green hydrogen production provided students with the skills required for modern engineering roles, particularly in sustainable industries. Industry feedback further validated the relevance of the curriculum, with many students securing internships and employment as a result of their involvement in these projects.While the study highlights the success of this integrated approach, challenges such as limited resources and time constraints within academic programs are noted. Future work will focus on refining the framework to make it more accessible, particularly for institutions with limited funding, and enhancing interdisciplinary collaboration.This paper underscores the importance of updating engineering education to include emerging materials and energy technologies, ensuring that future engineers are equipped to drive innovation and sustainability.Keywords: Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs), Polymer Composites, Green Hydrogen Technologies, Engineering Education, Sustainable Learning, Experiential Learning, Hands-on Projects, Industry Collaboration, Curriculum Development, Renewable Energy

The purpose of this study is to explore the mediating mechanism of peer attachment in regulating internet addiction among rural adolescents. The method used the Likert five point self-report scale for field sampling, SPSS 25.0 software for data analysis, two tailed Pearson correlation analysis, and regression analysis. As a result, peer attachment has a direct impact of 0.36 on internet addiction and 0.48 on loneliness. Loneliness has a direct impact of 0.52 on internet addiction, with a mediating effect of loneliness is 0.249(0.48*0.52) ,it is a partial mediator. The impact of the interaction between high and low shyness and high and low peer attachment on loneliness is 0.44 and 0.12, respectively. In the moderated mediating effect, the indirect moderating effect of high shyness was 0.26, low shyness was 0.11, and the difference between the two groups was 0.15.Conclusion:Peer attachment has a positive impact on internet addiction among rural adolescents. Loneliness plays a mediating role in peer attachment and internet addiction. Shyness plays a differential regulatory role in the relationship between peer attachment and individual loneliness, and the indirect impact of peer attachment on internet addiction will be enhanced or weakened by the strength of the mediating effect of shyness’s differential regulation of loneliness.

Research on the stratifying effects of migration status has increased sharply in the last two decades, although efforts have been hampered by the near absence of representative data that include detailed migration status measures. Researchers have developed various statistical and logical imputation methods that have produced widely varying estimates. In this paper, we introduce a new indicator of migration status constructed from two federal surveys matched to the Social Security Administration's Numident file, a database that includes all citizens and legal residents of the U.S. In models predicting poverty, our measure produces estimates comparable to those based on respondents' own self-reports of their migration status. Both the administrative and survey-based measures produce poverty gradients that diverge from those produced by logic-based measures. Our findings contribute to mounting evidence of bias in the use of logic-based algorithms to impute migration status and demonstrate the promise of administrative record linkages in migration status research.

This study uses discourse analysis of news articles published in Madison to examine media framings of Black girls and responses to their needs. Media analysis suggests that Black women in Madison act as othermothers to Black girls and play a key role in supporting Black girls in education and in other aspects of their lives. However, local newspapers give only a small amount of attention to Black women's efforts to support Black girls, so dominant local newspaper narratives about Black girls remain rooted in negative stereotypes. I argue that educators and researchers can model Black women's behavior towards Black girls.

In the era of digital intelligence, how to improve the behavioral quality of R&D team members by granting work autonomy and proposing corresponding work demands is a pressing issue in the transformation of organizational management into digital intelligence. Based on the conservation of resources theory, this study investigates the effects of the interactions among work time autonomy, work method autonomy, and different types of work demands on team members’ innovative behavior and taking charge. By analyzing the two-stage data of 233 paired samples of team members and leaders, the results showed that: Work time autonomy was significantly positively correlated with innovative behavior and taking charge of team members, and work method autonomy was significantly positively correlated with innovative behavior and taking charge of team members, while the interaction between work time autonomy and work method autonomy was significantly positively correlated with the team members’ taking charge; the interactions among work time autonomy, work method autonomy and innovative job requirements positively affect team members’ innovative behavior and taking charge; while the interactions among work time autonomy, work method autonomy and high performance expectations negatively affect team members’ taking charge. This study provides a way to realize scientific management in the period of digital intelligence transformation.