Background, There were about 1,090,000 gastric cancer cases in 2020 in China. The incidence and mortality rates ranked the fifth and third among all kinds of cancers in China. Early diagnosis plays an important role in the treatment and prognosis of gastric cancer.plasma exosome lncRNAs, has become a promissing biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity for early diagnosis of cancers. In this study, the exosomes in the plasma of patients with early gastric cancer were isolated by a commercial kit. After identified by electron microscopy observation, particle size analysis and Western-blot verification, the lncRNAs in the exosomes were extracted. The lncRNAs differentially expressed in the plasma exosomes of patients with gastric cancer were analysized by high-throughput RNA sequencing. The differentially expressed lncRNAs were verified by RT-qPCR in 93 patients with early gastric cancer and 49 normal controls. Electron microscopy, particle size analysis and Western blot showed that exosomes were successfully isolated from plasma. RNA-Seq results show that 76 lncRNAs were up-regulated and 260 lncRNAs were down regulated in plasma exosomes of early gastric cancer patients compared with normal controls. RT-qPCR analysis indicated that a total of 6 lncRNAs were significantly and differentially expressed in gastric cancer patients compared to normal controls, with 2 highly expressed and 4 lowly expressed (p < 0.05). The survival curve analysis indicated that lncmstrg.2441832.8 and lncmstrg.2312697 had higher sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of gastric cancer, respectively and AUC curve areas were 0.6211 and 0.631, p < 0.05, respectively, which were greater than the traditional clinical detection indexes CEA (0.61) and AFP (0.57). When combined lncmstrg.2441832.8 and lncmstrg.2312697 in gastric cancer diagnosis, AUC curve area reached 0.73, which was greater than CA199 (0.71). Conclusion, lncmstrg.2441832.8 and lncmstrg.2312697 may be a potential and promissing biomarkers for early diagnosis of gastric cance

Background: Laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) has not been widely accepted for recurrent liver cancer (RLC). This study aims to conduct a systematic review of the current literature for determining LLR effectiveness and safety for patients with RLC. Methods: Before April 2022, a comprehensive literature search was undertaken in Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase relied on a specified search strategy for eligible propensity score matching (PSM) studies comparing LLR or OLR. Meta-analysis of operative times, duration of stay, mortality, blood loss, overall survival rate, blood transfusion, recurrence-free survival rate, and overall complications was undertaken using a random/fixed-effects model. Results: Eight PSM studies of LLR versus OLR were incorporated, including 1128 patients. The current meta-analysis revealed nonsignificant variations between the two groups in overall survival rate, operation time, blood transfusion, mortality, overall complications, and long-term recurrence-free survival rate. Alternatively, when LLR is compared to OLR, LLR results in lower blood loss (p=0.002) and a shorter hospitalization (p=0.04). Conclusion: Although both techniques appear equal, LLR seems to have certain advantages over OLR. Notably, the evidence quality is generally confined to cohort studies, necessitating the performance of a high-quality randomized trial that compares both approaches. Keywords: Laparoscopic surgery, Liver resection, Recurrent liver cancer, Propensity score matching, Meta-analysis.

Busulfan is commonly used in the conditioning regimen for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Due to the risk of seizures associated with its use, prophylaxis with an anti-seizure drug is required. We prospectively evaluated the effectiveness of oral levetiracetam in children and adolescents for the prevention of busulfan-induced seizures. None of the 64 patients included in the study experienced seizures during the conditioning therapy or side effects that required discontinuation of the drug. Our results suggest that oral levetiracetam is effective in this setting.

Background:Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) is a clinically rare low-grade malignant soft tissue tumor with occasional metastasis,It accounts for 0.3% of all soft tissue tumors, and it occurs most frequently in the extremities, followed by the trunk and head and neck.Primary angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma of the pulmonary bronchus is rare, In this paper, the clinical and imaging data of a case of Primary angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma of the pulmonary bronchus are reported and the literature is reviewed. Case description:A 57-year-old female patient developed cough without obvious inducement six months ago, with paroxyspasms of dry cough, chest tightness and shortness of breath, aggravating after activity.Laboratory tests showed:C-reactive protein 50.9mg/L, ferritin 346ng/ml, AFP<0.9ng/ml, CEA 3.45ng/mL,CA199 19.U/mL,CA125 10.50U/mL,CA50 10.60IU/ml,T-SPOT(-).Chest CT scan showed bronchial occlusion, attasis and soft tissue density in the right middle lobe of the lung. Enhanced scan showed uneven enhancement of endobronchial nodules. 18F-FDG PET/CT showed a density shadow of nodular soft tissue in the right lung bronchus. The density was even and the boundary was unclear. The size was about 2.2cm×2.5cm, and the uptake of 18F-FDG was higher than that of uniform uptake, the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) was 11.2.Bronchoscopy showed that the mass was nodular or polypoid, nodular, yellow and tough.The results of bronchoscopic biopsy showed:there were histocytes and dendritic cells in the background of lymphocytes and plasma cells, and no components of squamous cell carcinoma.According to the imaging diagnosis, the preoperative diagnosis was inclined to lung cancer. Due to the obvious symptoms of the patient, the family members and the patient requested surgery, and the postoperative pathological diagnosis was Primary angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma of the pulmonary bronchus. Conclusion:The incidence of primary pulmonary AFH is very low, its clinical manifestations and imaging findings lack characteristics, and the final diagnosis still needs pathology.However, when middle-aged and elderly patients were found to have soft tissue shadows in the bronchus with clear boundaries and uneven density,the enhanced scan was moderately to significantly enhanced,and high FDG uptake on PET/CT scan,AFH should be considered,and surgical resection may be the best treatment.In conclusion, this case report further broadens the spectrum of lung and bronchial tumors.

Objective The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between Preoperative hepatic arterial blood supply coefficient (HAC) and portal vein blood supply coefficient (PVC), and their impact on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) following transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on 113 patients who were diagnosed with HCC in our hospital and received TACE treatment. Furthermore, the perfusion-enhanced CT prior to the first TACE in each patient selected the tumor area from plain scan, arterial late stage, as well as the portal venous stage to measure the average CT value and calculate HAC and PVC. All patients received follow-up care through August 2022. Besides, the independent predictors of PFS and OS were acquired by COX regression analysis, and subsequently, the independent predictors and the correlation between PFS and OS were evaluated by the Log-rank test, and the survival curve was drawn by Kaplan-Meier. Results A total of 91 patients died, with a mortality rate of 80.5%, the median progression-free survival was 0.78 (0.23-2.13) years, and the median overall survival was 2.04 (1.22-3.98) years. Univariate and multivariate COX regression analysis demonstrated that HAC and vascular invasion were independent predictors of PFS and OS (P<0.05). By utilizing the optimal HAC cut-off value, HAC was divided into low HAC and high HAC groups, and the liver function grade and largest tumor diameter were statistically distinct between the two groups (both P<0.05). Conclusion Preoperative HAC and vascular invasion predict progression-free survival as well as overall survival after TACE of hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, HCC with HAC ≥ 0.042 and preoperative vascular invasion by now demonstrated on imaging are particularly susceptible to progression after TACE and have a shorter overall survival time.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) metastases to the abdomen and pelvis affect the liver, mesentery, retroperitoneum, peritoneum, bladder, kidney, ovary, and uterus. The study documented the radiological pattern and features of the chest, bone, abdominal and pelvic (AP) metastases among advanced breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Chest, abdominal and pelvic Computed Tomography (CT) scan images of 36 patients with ABC were collated from Cape Coast Teaching Hospital and RAAJ Diagnostics. The images were prospectively assessed for metastasis to the organs of the chest, AP soft tissues and bones. Radiologic features of metastasis of the lungs, liver, lymph nodes (LN), and bones were documented. Patients’ demographics, clinical data and histopathology reports were also collected. The data was captured using Uvosyo and exported to Microsoft Excel templates. The data obtained were descriptively analyzed. Results: Only 2.8% of BCs exhibited metaplastic BC, while 97.2% had invasive ductal BC. Triple-negative cases was 55.6%. Of 36 patients, 31 (86.1%), 21 (58.3%) and 14(38.8%) were diagnosed of chest, AP and bone tissues metastasis, respectively. LN involvement was reported in 26 (72.2%) patients. Majority, 21 (58.3%) were diagnosed of multiple sites metastasis with 15 (41.7%) showing single site. Lungs (77.4%, 24/31), and liver (47.6%, 10/21) were the most affected distant organs. Most bone metastases were lytic lesions (92.9%, 13/14) with the vertebrae (85.7%, 12/14) been the most affected. Conclusion: According to the study, advanced breast cancer patients have a higher-than-average radiologic incidence of lung, liver, bone, and lymph node metastases.

Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) helps to determine accurate pathological stages and facilitates strategies for regional disease control in melanoma. However, whether the number of biopsied sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) influences the patients’ survival is rarely investigated. Methods: Acral or cutaneous melanoma patients with no history of nodal disease who received SLNB in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021 were retrospectively enrolled. Clinicopathological variables including Breslow index, ulceration, number of positive SLNs, SLN/non-SLN status were analyzed. Pathologic nodal (pN) stage and pathological stage were defined. Results: A total of 381 eligible patients were enrolled, of whom 132 (34.7%) patients were diagnosed with SLN-positive. The median number of biopsied SLNs was 2 (range: 1 to 20). Different numbers of biopsied SLNs did not influence the release-free survival (RFS) of the general patients. However, patients with > 2 SLNs had a longer RFS than those with 1-2 SLNs in T4, N1a group and those who rejected complete lymph node dissection (CLND). Conclusions: In patients with T4 melanomas, N1a melanomas and those that did not undergo a CLND, the prognosis of those with 3 or more SLNs retrieved seemed to be improved.

Background Doege-Potter syndrome is defined as paraneoplastic hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia associated with a benign or malignant solitary fibrous tumor frequently located in pleural, but also extrapleural sites. Hypoglycemia can be attributed to paraneoplastic secretion of ‘Big-IGF-II’, a precursor of Insulin-like growth factor-II. This prohormone aberrantly binds to and activates insulin receptors, with consecutive initiation of common insulin actions such as inhibition of gluconeogenesis, activation of glycolysis and stimulation of cellular glucose uptake culminating in recurrent tumor-induced hypoglycemic episodes. Complete tumor resection or debulking surgery is considered the most promising treatment for DPS. Case Here we report a rare case of a recurrent Doege-Poter Syndrome with atypical gelatinous tumor lesions of the lung, pleura and pericardial fat tissue in an 87-year-old woman. Although previously described as ineffective, we demonstrate that adjuvant treatment with Octreotide in conjunction with intravenous glucose helps to maintain tolerable blood glucose levels before tumor resection. The somatostatin-analogue Lanreotide was successfully used after tumor debulking surgery to maintain adequate blood glucose control. Conclusion We conclude that somatostatin-analogues bear the potential of being effective in conjunction with limited surgical approaches for the treatment of hypoglycemia in recurrent or non-totally resectable SFT entities underlying DPS.

Abstract Background There is currently no robust prognostic model for sarcomatous renal cell carcinoma (sRCC), which could help physicians make better decisions. Objectives To build an accurate predictive model for patients who have sRCC by investigating the important characteristics that influence the overall survival of patients. Design and Methods The Surveillance, Epidemiology and Results (SEER) database of the U.S. National Cancer Institute was used for gathering the dataset of sRCC patients. Following data preprocessing, the data was separated into the training set and the test set in an 8:2 ratio. Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test were used to verify whether the data set was evenly divided. Univariate Cox proportional hazard model, Kaplan-Meier analysis and machine learning (ML) algorithm were employed to identify the risk features on overall survival (OS). 10 reliable features were selected to construct six ML models. Model performance, predictive accuracy, and clinical benefits were evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA) respectively. Results After data preprocessing, 692 patients with sRCC from 1975 to 2019 were included in this study. Ten variables including stage group, T stage, M stage, age, surgery, N stage, tumor size, chemotherapy, histological grade, and radiotherapy were selected as reliable features for machine learning model training. All the models show good prediction performance, among which XGBoost has the best prediction accuracy and stability. The DCA showed that all models except Adaboost could be used to support clinical decision-making with the 90-day, 1-, 2-, 3- and 5-year OS model. Conclusions Six machine learning models were developed to predict 90-day, 1-, 2-, 3- and 5-year overall survival in patients with sRCC. Model evaluations showed that the XGBoost model had the best predictive accuracy and clinical net benefit. These models can help make treatment decisions for patients with sRCC.

BACKGROUNDː Distant metastases (DM) occur rarely and are associated with poor outcomes in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). The aim of this study was to explore potential risk factors of DM in DTC and build a decision-tree model. METHODSː The medical records of 15,591 patients who were diagnosed with DTC after initial surgery in three medical centers (2000 to 2018) were reviewed and 37 patients (test group) and 14 patients (validation group) with DM and detailed clinicopathologic characteristics were identified. Patients with no evidence of disease (NED) postoperatively were randomly sampled to create a control group in a 4:1 ratio. RESULTSː Multiple factors, including median age, extrathyroidal extension (ETE), AJCC stage, position, histological type, and diameter differed significantly between the DM and NED groups (P˂0.001) in univariate and multivariate analysis. AJCC stage and diameter of the primary tumor made the greatest contributions to prognosis according to decision-tree analysis and a random forest algorithm. The predictive model constructed from these data achieved 100% accuracy of classification. External validation confirmed that this model has 100% accuracy of classification. In addition, histology and ETE were found to be independent predictors of survival in patients with metachronous metastases. CONCLUSIONSː This study optimized the weight of risk factors, including AJCC stage and diameter of primary tumor, in predicting DM in patients with DTC. Our predictive model provides a strong tool for prediction that may potentially affect clinical decision-making.

Background: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) , most common malignancy amongst children with front-line treatment considered major success, 20% of children predicted to either relapse or show resistance to treatment with reported dismal outcomes. Aim: To evaluate clinical characteristics of children diagnosed with refractory / relapsed ALL and to determine 3-year overall survival ouctomes. Method: Retrospective review of patients (aged 1 -14 years) diagnosed with ALL during the period January 2002 to December 2018, data extracted for details of baseline characteristics at diagnosis and at relapse . Results: Total of 347 newly diagnosed children with ALL identified, three induction failures and 28 relapses, with total 31 patients a cohort relapse rate of 9% observed. The male-to-female ratio observed is 4.16:1 and mean duration of CR1 was 26 months : 15 (48%) relapsing ≤ 18 months,seven (23%) during 18 to 36 months and nine (29%) relapsed > 36 months of IF or CR1.Eighteen patients (62%) had isolated BM relapse, six (20%) patients experience isolated Extra-medullary relapse and five (17%) patients experienced BM with other sites. Three-year Overall Survival (OS) of the cohort was 62.3%, while of those patients who achieved CR post first-salvage therapy 3-year OS of 79.5% observed with a statistically significant difference, p value <0.05 comparing to patients who did not achieve remission post first-salvage therapy (3-year OS: 46.4%). The same statistical difference observed in 3-years OS observed comparing duration of remission of CR prior to relapse: ≤ 18 months: 33.2%; 18 – 36 months: 66.7% and > 36 months: 87.5%; the same trend continued when comparing 3-years OS based on risk stratification at relapse: LR: 83.3%; IR: 80% and HR: 44.8%. Conclusion: Incidence and outcomes reported on this study is comparable to internationally reported data with duration of CR1, risk-stratification at relapse and remission status post-salvage therapy determined as significant prognostic factors for survival. No survivial difference amongst patients who received HSCT after induction to those who received chemotherapy, could be attributed to a smaller sample size warranting a multi-institutional observational study. The findings corroborates with the need for novel therapies and treatment approaches in these group of patients

Hodgkin lymphoma is a haematolymphoid malignancy seen in pediatric and adult age groups with an excellent outcome. The current priority of the treatment has been a reduction of acute and chronic morbidities without compromising outcomes. PET-CT scan is an integral component in prognosticating and determining outcomes in Hodgkin lymphoma. Recent studies have highlighted the role of interim PET-CT scan in choosing future therapy. The evidence to support the role of interim PET-CT scan in childhood Hodgkin lymphoma is limited. The aim of the study is to analyse the role of interim PET-CT in the management of childhood HL, and to investigate survival outcomes of children treated at our institute. This is a retrospective study and included all the children with HL treated at our institute in last five years. All the children were treated as per ESMO guidelines. Interim PET-CT scan was done after two cycles of chemotherapy. The correlation of various possible risk factors with the outcomes was examined. Only the interim PET/CT findings were associated with the results. At median follow-up of 34 months, the event free survival (EFS) was 95.7% and overall survival (OS) was 100%. Interim PET-CT plays an important role in treatment modification without compromising on the outcomes in children with HL. Survival rates were consistent with those reported in published literature.

Purpose Transglutaminase-2 (TG2) has been linked to cancer growth, proliferation, invasion, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis, according to recent studies. Although the prognostic value of TG2 expression in a variety of cancer has been documented, it is still unclear because different researches have reported contradictory results. The goal of this study was to evaluate systematically the prognostic value of TG2 expression in cancer patients. Methods Web of Science, PubMed and Google scholar databases were searched up to 21 December, 2022. Eleven eligible studies were included in meta-analysis for determining the prognostic value of TG2 in cancer patients. While performing meta-analysis heterogeneity was checked by using I2 Cochran’s Q statistic. Random effect model was used in meta-analysis. Publication bias was assessed by using contour-enhanced funnel plots and Egger’s test. Results Eight studies were used for the meta-analysis of overall survival and found that having high expression of TG2 caused poor overall survival (HR: 1.66, 95%CI: 1.07-2.56). For disease-free survival, five studies included to the analysis and meta-analysis show that having high expression of TG2 also caused poor disease-free survival (HR: 1.68, 95%CI: 1.34-2.11). Conclusion:Our meta-analysis showed that high TG2 expression level causes poor overall and disease-free survival.

Background: CD82/KAI-1 which is a member of the tetraspanin superfamily, has been proposed to exert its activity via the Tetraspanin Web. However, the mechanism of CD82 palmitoylation in this web has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study is to investigate cell migration and apoptosis by mutation of tetraspanin CD82 palmitoylation. Methods: This study elucidated the impact of various palmitoylation site mutations on apoptosis in breast cancer cells through a comprehensive approach involving RT-PCR, Western blotting, TUNEL assay, immunofluorescence, and tumor formation assay in athymic nude mice model. Results: We found that the mutation of CD82 palmitoylation at cys74 and cys83 or cys5 and cys74 and cys83 simultaneously increased apoptosis in breast cancer. However, the other forms of mutation of CD82 palmitoylation showed no effects on apoptosis. Conclusion: The study strongly implicate that CD82 palmitoylation at cys74 and cys83 are both closely related to maintain biological function.

Background Cancer is the leading cause of death among Asian Americans, who face barriers to cancer care. Cancer supportive care needs among Asian Americans remain understudied. Methods We recruited 47 Asian American adults with colorectal, liver, or lung cancer who spoke Chinese, English, or Vietnamese, and were starting or undergoing cancer treatment. We assessed cancer supportive care needs in four domains: cancer information, daily living, behavioral health, and language assistance. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to identify clusters of participants based on their need profiles to further examine the association between need profiles and quality of life (QoL) assessed by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT-G). Results Participants (mean age=57.6) included 72% males and 62% spoke English less than very well. Older participants (age >65) and those with annual income <$50K reported higher daily living needs. Men and younger participants (age <50) reported higher behavioral health needs. We found 3 clusters displaying distinct cancer supportive need profiles: Cluster 1 (28% of the sample) displayed high needs across all domains; Cluster 2 (51%) had low overall needs; and Cluster 3 (21%) had high needs for cancer information and daily living. Cluster 1 participants reported lowest QoL. Conclusions Cancer supportive care needs among Asian American patients with colorectal, liver and lung cancer were associated with patient characteristics and QoL. Understanding cancer supportive care needs will inform future interventions to improve care and QoL for Asian American cancer patients.

Background: The role and benefit of yittrium-90 (Y-90) remain in question amongst patients with metastatic chemo-refractory colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). We aim to report a complete experience and outcomes following lobar, segmental, combination administration, and repeated Y-90 radioembolizations utilizing a minimal prescribed dose in the treatment of CRLM. Methods and Results: This is a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent Y-90 radioembolization of CRLM at a single institution. Tumor response was evaluated using a modified RECIST criteria 2-6 months post-radioembolization. Progression-free survival (PFS) was the primary outcome of interest. Tumor response, conversion to resectable disease, and overall survival (OS) were analyzed as a secondary outcomes. 4 rectal and 7 colonic adenocarcinoma CRLM patients with significant previous systemic therapy exposure were included. The median tumor number and size was 3 and 4.0 cm, respectively. 7 segmental and 12 lobar radioembolizations were performed (range 1-6 per patient) with a mean administered activity of 22.1 mCi. Tumor regression occurred in 71.4% of cases with 4 complete radiographic responses. The median hepatic PFS was 5.5 months. The median OS from the time of primary cancer diagnosis and initial Y-90 was 3.2 and 1.2 years, respectively. 18% of initially unresectable patients were converted to surgically resectable. Conclusions: Y-90 results in reliable tumor regression and repeated radioembolizations are safe when conservative doses are utilized in a multidisciplinary setting. This study supports the ‘neoadjuvant’ use of Y-90 to allow for the conversion of borderline resectable patients to resectable. The results suggest that Y-90 maybe associated with an OS benefit in chem-refractory CRLM patients.

In latest years, with the gradual perception of CRISPR Cas9 technology, coupled with the many advantages of the CRISPR Cas9 system, ease of development, simplicity of use, and low material prices, its mediated gene modifying has been higher used in diagnosing and treating genetic ailments and enhancing patients' prognosis. Moreover, CRISPR Cas9 gene screening library is another hot issue which can be used to discover pathogenic genes, pick drug intervention sites, and analyze drug resistance mechanisms. Rapidly emerging gene editing technology has a huge market and is expected to cure B-cell lymphoma. This article reviews the application and progress of CRISPR Cas9 gene editing in B-cell lymphoma for further study.

Background: Acyl-coenzyme A cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) is a membrane-binding enzyme, which localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum. ACAT2 can promote the progression of colon cancer, but its efficacy in lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD) is still not sure. Method: ACAT2 expression analysis was performed by TIMER2.0 database. GEPIA database was utilized to analyse co-relations between expression of ACAT2 and pathological stage of tumor. Kaplan-Meier analysis was analyzed its potential in clinical prognosis. CancerSEA database analysed correlations between expression of ACAT2 and functional status of different tumor displayed as a heatmap. The molecule interaction network analysis performed by the STRING tool. Results: ACAT2 was upregulated in patients with LUAD, and high expression of ACAT2 had a poor DFS and OS. Cox regression analysis indicated that the poor outcomes might be related to the tumour stage, nodal stage, distant metastatic stage. ACAT2 participated in biological process of cell cycle, DNA repair, DNA damage, proliferation. Enrichment pathway analysis showed four ACAT2-correlated genes, ACOX1, EHHADH, OXCT1, DLAT. Conclusion: ACAT2 might be a novel predictive biomarker and treated target.