Abstract
Previous satellite-based studies have suggested an expansion of
subtropical gyres concomitant with decreasing chlorophyll concentrations
over time due to ocean warming, raising major concerns about a potential
increase in the ocean desertification and its effect on the global
climate. However, these studies have relied on the analysis of limited
period and/or single gyre and do not provide a comprehensive overview of
the temporal evolution of phytoplankton biomass in these systems. Here,
25-year (1998-2022) time series of satellite ocean colour and sea
surface temperature data and mixed layer depth are examined to
investigate their long-term trends in the five major subtropical gyres
on Earth. Main results show that, despite the chlorophyll decrease
observed in the most oligotrophic zone of all gyres, phytoplankton
biomass is rather constant over time, suggesting that chlorophyll
changes in these systems are mainly driven by phytoplankton
physiological adaptation to the ongoing warming.