Abstract
Wave ripples can provide valuable information on their formative
hydrodynamic conditions in past subaqueous environments by inverting
dimension predictors. However, these inversions do not usually take the
mixed non-cohesive and cohesive nature of sediment beds into account.
Recent experiments involving sand–kaolinite mixtures have demonstrated
that wave-ripple dimensions and the threshold of motion are affected by
bed clay content. Here, a clean-sand method to determine wave climate
based on orbital ripple wavelength has been adapted to include the
effect of clay and a consistent shear-stress threshold parameterisation.
Based on present-day examples with known wave conditions, the results
show that the largest clay effect occurs for coarse sand with median
grain diameters over 0.45 mm. For a 7.4% volumetric clay concentration,
the range of possible water-surface wavelengths and water depths can be
reduced significantly, by a factor of three and four, respectively,
compared to clean sand.