The impact of the Madden-Julian Oscillation on the formation of the
Arabian Sea Monsoon Onset Vortex
Abstract
During some years, a synoptic scale vortex called the Monsoon Onset
Vortex (MOV) forms within the northward advancing zone of precipitating
convection over the Arabian Sea. The MOV does not form each year and the
reason is unclear. Since the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is known to
modulate convection and tropical cyclones in the tropics, we examined
its role in the formation of the MOV. While the convective and
transition phases of the MJO do not always lead to MOV formation, the
suppressed phase of the MJO hinders the formation of the MOV more
consistently. This non-linear relationship between the MJO and MOV can
be partially explained by the modulation of the large-scale environment,
measured by a tropical cyclone genesis index. It also suggests that the
Arabian Sea is generally near a critical state that is favorable for MOV
formation during the monsoon onset period.