Subglacial-discharge plumes drive widespread subsurface warming in
northwest Greenland's fjords
Abstract
Greenland’s glacial fjords modulate the exchange between the ice sheet
and ocean, with the water properties adjacent to tidewater glaciers
influencing the rate of submarine glacier melting and the export of
glacially-modified waters to the shelf. Here we use a numerical plume
model in conjunction with observations from proximal to 14 glaciers in
northwest Greenland to assess the impact of subglacial-discharge-driven
plumes on near-glacier water properties. We find that in late summer,
waters emanating from glacial plumes often make up > 50 %
of the fjord water composition at intermediate depths. These plume
waters are comprised largely of upwelled Atlantic Water, warming the
near-glacier water profile and likely increasing submarine melting. Our
findings demonstrate the key role played by plumes in driving water
modification in Greenland’s fjords, and the potential for simple models
to capture these impacts across a range of settings.