Three-Dimensional (3D) systems provide a more realistic tool to model
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) in vitro
Abstract
Parkinson’s Disease (PD), which exhibits a rapidly developing pathology,
is one of the most devastating neurodegenerative diseases. To understand
its molecular and cellular mechanisms and to attain a truly effective
treatment, it is essential to develop standard, rapid, and reliable in
vitro testing platforms for diseases. Classical two-dimensional (2D)
cell culture is the starting point for the study of PD diagnosis and
treatment. However, 2D grown cells do not exhibit the physiological
properties of native tissues and provide limited data for testing drugs
in vitro and understanding the mechanisms of diseases. Therefore,
realistic 3D models similar to human physiology are required. In this
study, the 2D and 3D PD modeling potentials of two cell lines (SHSY5Y
and PC12), which are frequently used in neural tissue engineering
studies, were compared. PD models generated by SHSY5Y and PC12 cells
were evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Live&Dead,
immunofluorescence, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase
chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses. It was determined that PC12 cells had
weaker adherence properties than SHSY5Y cells, and therefore, SHSY5Y
cells had higher microtissue formation potential. PC12 cells completely
lost their dopaminergic properties in 3D conditions, whereas 6-OHDA
applied SHSY5Y microtissues showed PD markers related to neurotoxicity.
A practical and useful 3D disease model reflecting the characteristics
of PD with SHSY5Y cells is presented.