A Grey Box Method for the Stability Analysis of Multi-Inverter-Fed Power
Systems using Bode Diagrams
Abstract
A multi-inverter-fed power system is susceptible to small-signal
instability owing to weak grid influence. Using the impedance-frequency
(IF) method to analyse system stability at engineering sites has the
following limitations: 1) The internal information of a grid-connected
inverter is unknown because of technical confidentiality. Thus, its
impedance model should fit in a grey box. 2) The IF method defaults to
the subsystem aggregation impedance without right-half-plane (RHP)
poles, which may result in incorrect stability analysis. 3) The data
used for drawing the IF curve should be calculated per frequency, which
is time-consuming. To address these limitations, this study proposes a
grey box method for small-signal stability analysis of a
multi-inverter-fed power system based on Bode diagrams. First, grey box
impedance fitting for a single grid-connected inverter and impedance
aggregation for a multi-inverter-fed power system are discussed. Second,
the principle of the proposed method is elaborated. Using the Bode
diagram, the number of RHP poles of the aggregated impedance and actual
number of circles for Nyquist curves are identified. Third, a
multi-inverter-fed power system is constructed, and the effectiveness of
the proposed method is verified using case analysis and
hardware-in-the-loop real-time experiments based on RT-LAB. Finally, the
advantages of the proposed method are revealed by comparing it to the IF
method.