Coordinated optimization of source-grid-load-storage for wind power
grid-connected and mobile energy storage characteristics of electric
vehicles
Abstract
The rapid growth in the number of electric vehicles, driven by the
‘double carbon’ target, and the impact of uncontrolled charging and
discharging behavior and discharged battery losses severely limit
electric vehicles’ low carbon characteristics. Existing research on
systemic low carbon emissions and electric vehicle charging and
discharging issues is usually determined by considering only carbon
trading markets or charging and discharging management on the source
side. In this regard, a coordinated and optimized operation model that
considers the participation of electric vehicle clusters in deep peaking
and the source network load and storage adjustable resources is
proposed. The upper layer establishes a real-time price-based demand
response model for the load side with the minimum net load fluctuation
as the objective function; the middle layer establishes a comprehensive
operation mechanism for the source and storage side that includes an
orderly charging and discharging peaking compensation mechanism for
electric vehicles and a deep peaking mechanism that takes into account
clean emissions, and constructs an optimal operation model with the
minimum comprehensive operating cost as the objective function; the
lower layer establishes a distribution network loss minimization model
for the network side that takes into account the orderly charging and
discharging of electric vehicle as the objective function. The optimal
tidal model with the objective function of minimizing the distribution
network loss is established at the lower level. Finally, the original
problem is transformed into a mixed integer linear programming problem,
and the model’s effectiveness is verified by setting different
scenarios.