Abstract
RATIONALE: Obstructive sleep apnea is highly prevalent in
children with asthma, particularly in obese children. The sleep related
breathing disorder screening questionnaire has low screening accuracy
for obstructive sleep apnea in children with asthma. Our goal was to
identify the questions on the sleep related breathing disorder survey
associated with obstructive sleep apnea in children with asthma.
METHODS: Participants completed the survey, underwent
polysomnography and their body mass index z-score was measured.
Participants with survey scores above 0.33 were considered high risk for
obstructive sleep apnea and those with an apnea hypopnea index ≥ 2
events/hour classified as having obstructive sleep apnea. Logistic
regression was used to examine the association of each survey question
and obstructive sleep apnea. Positive and negative predictive values
were calculated to estimate screening accuracy. RESULTS: The
prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea was 40% in our sample (n=136).
Loud snoring, morning dry mouth and being overweight were the questions
associated with obstructive sleep apnea. A combined model of loud
snoring, morning dry mouth and being overweight had positive and
negative predictive values of 57.4% and 81.0% respectively, while the
composite survey score had positive and negative predictive values of
51.0% and 65.5%. Body mass index z-score had positive and negative
predictive values of 76.3% and 72.2%. CONCLUSIONS: The body
mass index z-score is useful for obstructive sleep apnea screening in
children with asthma and should be applied routinely given its
simplicity and concerns that obstructive sleep apnea may contribute to
asthma morbidity.