Arabidopsis sirtuins and poly ADP ribose polymerases regulate gene
expression in the day but do not affect circadian rhythms
Abstract
Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is involved in redox homeostasis
and acts as a substrate for NADases, including poly (ADP-ribose)
polymerases (PARPs) that add poly (ADP-ribose) polymers to proteins and
DNA, and sirtuins that deacetylate proteins. Nicotinamide, a biproduct
of NADases increases circadian period in both plants and animals. In
mammals, the effect of nicotinamide on circadian period might be
mediated by the PARPs and sirtuins because thy directly bind to core
circadian oscillator genes. We have investigated whether PARPs and
sirtuins contribute to the regulation of the circadian oscillator in
Arabidopsis. We found no evidence that PARPs and sirtuins regulate the
circadian oscillator of Arabidopsis or are involved in the response to
nicotinamide. RNA-seq analysis indicated that PARPs regulate the
expression of only a few genes, including FLOWERING LOCUS C. However, we
found profound effects of reduced sirtuin 1 expression on gene
expression during the day but not at night, and an embryo lethal
phenotype in knockouts. Our results demonstrate that PARPS and sirtuins
are not associated with NAD regulation of the circadian oscillator and
that sirtuin 1 is associated with daytime regulation of gene expression.