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Including filter-feeding gelatinous macrozooplankton in a global marine biogeochemical model: model-data comparison and impact on the ocean carbon cycle
  • +2
  • Corentin Clerc,
  • Laurent Bopp,
  • Fabio Benedetti,
  • Meike Vogt,
  • Olivier Aumont
Corentin Clerc
LMD / IPSL, Ecole normale supérieure / Université PSL, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France, LMD / IPSL, Ecole normale supérieure / Université PSL, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Laurent Bopp
LMD / IPSL, LMD / IPSL
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Fabio Benedetti
Environmental Physics, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland., Environmental Physics, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Meike Vogt
ETH Zuerich, ETH Zuerich
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Olivier Aumont
Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentations et approches numériques, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7159 CNRS / IRD / Université Pierre et Marie Curie/MNHN, Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentations et approches numériques, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7159 CNRS / IRD / Université Pierre et Marie Curie/MNHN
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Abstract

Filter-feeding gelatinous macrozooplankton (FFGM), namely salps, pyrosomes and doliolids are increasingly recognized as an essential component of the marine ecosystem. Unlike crustacean zooplankton (eg., copepods) which feed on prey that is an order of magnitude smaller, filter-feeding allows FFGM access to a wider range of organisms, with predator over prey ratios as high as 100 000:1. In addition, most FFGM produce carcasses and/or fecal pellets that sink 10 times faster than those of copepods. This implies a rapid and efficient export of organic matter to depth. Even if these organisms represent <5% of the overall planktonic biomass, the induced organic matter flux could be substantial. Here we present a first estimate of the influence of FFGM organisms on the export of particulate organic matter to the deep ocean based on a marine biogeochemical earth system model: NEMO-PISCES. In this new version of PISCES, two processes characterize FFGM: the preference for small organisms due to filter feeding, and the rapid sinking of carcasses and fecal pellets. To evaluate our modeled FFGM distribution, we compiled FFGM abundances observations into a monthly biomass climatology using a taxon-specific conversion. FFGM contribute strongly to carbon export at depth (0.4 Pg C / yr at 1000m), particularly in low-productivity region (up to 40% of POC export at 1000m) where they dominate macrozooplankton by a factor of 2. This export increases in importance with depth, with a simulated transfer efficiency close to one.