loading page

Wind Rider Pathfinder Mission to Trappist-1 Solar Gravitational Lens Focal Region in 8 Years
  • +8
  • Brent Freeze,
  • Jeff Greason,
  • Michel Lamontagne,
  • Darrel Conway,
  • John Fuller,
  • Ronnie Nader,
  • Eric Davis,
  • Jason Cassibry,
  • Stephanie Thomas,
  • Jaime Jaramillo Febres,
  • Adolfo Chaves-Jiménez
Brent Freeze
American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), Nuclear and Future Flight Propulsion (NFFP) Technical Committee, Practical Interplanetary Propulsion (PIP) Group

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

Author Profile
Jeff Greason
Electric Sky
Author Profile
Michel Lamontagne
CIMA+
Author Profile
Darrel Conway
Thinking Systems Inc.
Author Profile
John Fuller
Virgin Orbit
Author Profile
Ronnie Nader
Ecuadorian Space Agency
Author Profile
Eric Davis
Baylor University
Author Profile
Jason Cassibry
University of Alabama in Huntsville
Author Profile
Stephanie Thomas
Princeton Satellite Systems
Author Profile
Jaime Jaramillo Febres
Ecuadorian Space Agency
Author Profile
Adolfo Chaves-Jiménez
Costa Rica Institute of Technology
Author Profile

Abstract

A key benefit to the scientific community of a pathfinder to 542 AU is calibration data for an array of instruments on a flagship probe to interstellar space. There are fundamental processes and parameters of the near interstellar medium, whose estimated range of values could be greatly narrowed by in-situ sampling from a fast and small mission. By selecting an angle relative to the sun, plane of the ecliptic and a scientifically interesting target (such as Trappist-1), it is possible to perform initial optical measurements from the Solar Gravitational Lens (SGL) focal region on the same pathfinder. Doing so provides a basic set of data for larger follow-on missions to observe that (and other) solar systems in greater detail. By combining the datasets from 2 solar cycles (22 years) of space weather monitoring satellites, Voyager 1 and other deep space probes, the Practical Interplanetary Propulsion (PIP) Study constructed a radial profile for the solar wind ranging from 1 AU through the foreshock at 83 AU, to a notional heliopause at 123 AU, and the near interstellar medium out to 1,800 AU. The resulting matrix of plasma parameters was applied to a trajectory model “seed code,” to test flight paths for future probes. This paper presents an example pathfinder, consisting of a cubesat bus equipped with a Wind Rider propulsion system and radioisotope power system (RPS). A brief description of those subsystems and how they interact with the solar wind or interstellar medium is included. Trajectory simulation results estimate the trip time from 1 to 542 AU near the plane of the ecliptic takes 6.9 years. Adding a compact imaging instrument enables the probe to sample data from the vantage point of the Trappist-1 SGL, as well as PickUp Ions (PUI) for a 1 year science campaign. Total pathfinder mission time after launch is less than 8 years. A set of policy-making recommendations for enabling such small precursor-type missions is provided in the conclusions, as well as ways to extend the mission to communicate from 1,000 AU to 1,800 AU. Alternatively, a method to gradually decelerate to a near stop at the end of the mission, using the Wind Rider to drag against the interstellar plasma, is also included.