Application of synthetic peptide CEP1 increases nutrient uptake rates
along plant roots
Abstract
The root system of a plant provides vital functions including resource
uptake, storage, and anchorage in soil. The uptake of macro-nutrients
like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and sulphur (S) from
the soil is critical for plant growth and development. Small signaling
peptide (SSP) hormones are best known as potent regulators of plant
growth and development with a few also known to have specialized roles
in macronutrient utilization. Here we describe a high throughput
phenotyping platform for testing SSP effects on root uptake of multiple
nutrients. The SSP, CEP1 (C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDE) enhanced nitrate
uptake rate per unit root length in Medicago trun-catula plants deprived
of N in the high-affinity transport range. Single structural variants of
M. truncatula and Arabidopsis thaliana specific CEP1 peptides,
MtCEP1D1:hyp4,11 and AtCEP1:hyp4,11, enhanced uptake not only of
nitrate, but also phosphate and sulfate in both model plant species.
Transcriptome analysis of Medicago roots treated with different MtCEP1
encoded peptide domains revealed that hundreds of genes respond to these
peptides, including several nitrate transporters and a sulfate
transporter that may mediate the uptake of these macronutrients
downstream of CEP1 signaling. Likewise, several putative sig-naling
pathway genes including LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT RECPTOR-LIKE KINASES and Myb
domain containing transcription factors, were induced in 1