Abstract
Wind driven circulation in the North Sea is revisited with a specific
focus on locally modified winds and their impacts. We show for the first
time that local extrema of the wind stress curl (WSC), generated by
orography and ocean-atmosphere interactions, help regulate circulation
in the northern North Sea. Calculated transports are strongly coupled
with wind stress, whereas transports through the Norwegian Trench are
more strongly correlated with the WSC field due to local extrema. Such
WSC extrema regulates the sub-mesoscale eddy activity around the
Norwegian Trench. We conclude that local modification of the WSC is a
result of both orography and ocean-atmosphere interaction along the
frontal Norwegian coastline. Our results show that local winds are more
important than previously documented, with important implications for
regional circulation likely to result from future changes to local
surface gradients, such as may arise from changing meteorological or
hydro-climatic forcing.