Abstract
Solute travel time distributions (TTDs) in catchments are relevant to
both hydrochemical response and inference of hydrologic mechanisms. Time
and frequency domain methods have been employed to estimate solute TTDs
and associated power spectra. Stream concentration power spectra in some
catchments exhibit fractal scaling (~1/frequency, or
generally, 1/frequency to a power < 2). Various mechanisms
have been proposed previously for fractal scaling. In several
catchments, a significant fraction of streamflow is derived from
groundwater in shallow fractured bedrock, where matrix diffusion
significantly influences solute transport. I present frequency and time
domain theoretical analyses of solute transport to quantify the
influence of matrix diffusion on solute TTDs in catchment groundwater
systems. The theoretical concentration power spectra exhibit fractal
scaling, and the corresponding TTDs resemble a gamma distribution. An
application to the Lower Hafren catchment using site-specific parameters
shows that theoretical spectra match previously reported power spectral
estimates derived from concentration measurements.