Satisfying global food demand places a significant burden on finite resources like water, energy, and land across the world. Ensuring sustainable food production requires an understanding of water, energy, and land at local scales, which is often hampered by the lack of detailed data. Taking advantage of several large datasets, this study focused on the interactions between groundwater, energy, land, and food (WELF) at multiple spatial scales in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Using FAO’s CROPWAT model, MODIS evapotranspiration data, and a detailed multiscale agricultural database, we estimated the irrigation water requirements at multiple spatial scales. A detailed estimate of groundwater and energy consumption was obtained, which was used to infer the interactions between WELF. The results from our study allow us to identify local and regional hotspots of groundwater and energy consumption. Our results indicate that regional estimates of groundwater or energy consumption, while indicative of local conditions, are unable to capture the variations at finer scales. The interactions between WELF at multiple scales also indicate that the efficiency of groundwater and energy consumption for various crops varies widely across and within regions. Our study highlights the need to more effectively manage the cultivation of water-intensive crops such as paddy and sugarcane to optimize groundwater consumption. Policy-makers must focus on transitioning towards sustainable agriculture that prioritizes food and water security. Future research must take advantage of extensive datasets to better evaluate the adverse effects on water and energy resources to ensure sustainable food production.